Troubleshooting other tests

Most controls have built-in diagnostics to expedite troubleshooting. For any other testing, a good analog multimeter is normally all that is required. The decision to repair a piece... 

Experience with CE method transfer in the biotech/pharmaceutical industry over the past 10—20 years has demonstrated that training is a key element that requires special attention for CE methods. A training video with troubleshooting examples can be very useful. Tips and hints should also be shared during the method transfer process. Other key elements for a successful transfer include selection of the proper testing strategy and assay acceptance criteria. 

The other development related to troubleshooting of defects to provide guidance to test and debug start-up and also solve problems in operations that had been running well. These defects are considered qualitative in nature, because the machine cannot detect them, but needs operator judgement. The system forces the operator to define the problem in terms of occurrence (such as in one cavity), nonoccurrence (not in other symmetrical location), where did it occur (near the gate, etc.), and when it occurs (from time to time). 

I n addition to learning about the many common problems and troubleshooting techniques for Windows, you should know about the different resources that Microsoft provides with Windows to troubleshoot Windows. These resources are the best to use if you have no other troubleshooting tools available. They can also be used as a starting point for troubleshooting a computer. The built-in Windows tools that the A+ exam tests you on, include ... 

A new topic is now included Chapter 20 about quahty assurance. Part of it could be found before in chapter 19 but now the subject is presented much broadly and independent of Analytical HPLC . Two chapters in the appendix were updated and expanded by Bruno E. Lendi, namely the ones about the instrument test (now chapter 25) and troubleshooting (now chapter 26). Some new sections were created 1.7, comparison of HPLC with capillary electrophoresis 2.11, how to obtain peak capacity 8.7, van Deemter curves and other coherences 11.3, hydrophilic interaction chromatography 17.2, method transfer 18.4, comprehensive two-dimensional HPLC 23.3, fast separations at 1000 bar 23.5, HPLC with superheated water. In addition, many details were improved and numerous references added. 

Many of the procedures used in an individual process are identical or similar to those of other processes so the reader interested in a process can gain a different perspective by reviewing the other processes. When an obvious correlation exists, a cross reference is made to the other processes. Other pertinent information provided here includes processing guidelines for troubleshooting, auxiliary equipment, testing procedures, and quality control. 

Creatinine method check. At least once daily run a CREA test on a solution of known creatinine activity such as an assayed control or calibration standard other than that used to calibrate the CREA method. For further details review the Quality Assurance Section of the Chemistry Manual. The result obtained should fall within acceptable limits defined by the day-to-day variability of the system as measured in the user s laboratory. (See SPECIFIC PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS for guidance.) If the result falls outside the laboratory s acceptable limits, follow the procedure outlined in the Chemistry Troubleshooting Section of the Chemistry Manual. 

Servicing computer-based professional equipment typically involves isolating the problem to the board level and then replacing the defective PWB. Taken on a case-by-case basis, this approach seems efficient The inefficiency in the approach, however (which is readily apparent), is the investment required to keep a stock of spare boards on hand. Furthermore, because of the complex interrelation of circuits today, a PWB that appeared to be faulty may actually turn out to be perfect. The ideal solution is to troubleshoot down to the component level and replace the faulty device instead of swapping boards. In many cases, this approach requires sophisticated and expensive test equipment. In other cases, however, simple test instruments will do the job. 

As to other forms of gas chromatography, PyGC-MS is used in QC laboratories for testing of incoming materials and release of new products, as well as troubleshooting in damage cases. On-line HS-GC has been described [264]. 

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