Different Perspective

If you have a conversation with the finance department or on Wall Street, you will hear different views of what value means. The definition of value from a finance person would include, of course, money. Within this book, we will begin to understand different perspectives on what value means and show how supply chain management and operations affect an organization s financial performance. In the next chapter, we will discuss the monetary value of a firm in greater depth, but for now, taken together, firm value includes ROIC, growth rate, and cost of capital. It is incredibly beneficial for supply chain professionals to understand how these factors are affected by supply chain activities. In the end, you will not only know how operational metrics are affected by your decisions but you will also grasp how financial metrics are influenced by your decisions. 

Economic value created = ROIC x (ROIC - WACC) 

PwC conducted a study in 2008 that connected supply chain and operations to financial performance using 600 companies that experienced supply chain disruptions. For these companies that experienced disruption, PwC found that shareholder value plunged when compared to their peers. In addition, their stock prices experienced 

Year before disruption announcement to year after 

The investment community views disruption-experiencing companies unfavorably, and this uneasiness is likely to spread to employees, consumers, and suppliers. Compared to benchmark stocks, more than half of the affected companies experienced greater volatility for at least 2 years—a sign of diminished confidence among stakeholders. After controlling for normal market movements, the share price 

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We 11 examine the chemical properties of aromatic compounds from two different perspectives... 

Many firms tend to staff their technical service efforts with personnel that have experience solely in the particular business involved. It is often of value to consider individuals having experience in related industries, both to provide a different set of skills and to provide a different perspective than that of in-house experts. This is particularly important in the specialty chemicals arena, where formulations experience is generally of paramount importance. This variety of knowledge is often largely experiential, as much of the treatment and behaviors of formulations in the chemical industry are empirical or experience-based rather than quantitatively understood. It is therefore extremely difficult to train personnel ia dealing with the often nebulous aspects of formulations technology. 

Many cellulose derivatives form Hquid crystalline phases, both in solution (lyotropic mesophases) and in the melt (thermotropic mesophases). The first report (96) showed that aqueous solutions of 30% hydroxypropylceUulose [9004-64-2] (HPC) form lyotropic mesophases that display iridescent colors characteristic of the chiral nematic (cholesteric) state. The field has grown rapidly and has been reviewed from different perspectives (97—101). 

Among the newer probes now being developed, spectroscopic observations of crystals in the elastic-plastic regime hold promise for limited development of atomic level physical descriptions of local defects [91S02]. It is yet to be determined how generally this probe can be applied to solids. The electrochemical probe appears to have considerable potential to describe shock-compressed matter from a radically different perspective. 

Another publication produced by the Center for Chemical Process Safety, Guidelines for Investigating Chemical Process Incidents (CCPS, 1992d), is directed at achieving similar objectives but from a differing perspective and with differing emphasis. Both sources of information can be used in a complementary manner to improve the quality of data collection and incident analysis in the CPI. 

The objective of this book is to review and correlate in depth the synthetic, mechanistic, and physical properties of enamines. This has been done by surveying the field from eight different perspectives. Since these perspectives have certain common areas between them, and since it seemed desirable to allow each contributor to tell his story in its fullest scope and in his own style, there is some overlapping of material between the chapters. However, it is hoped that the difference of viewpoints and context in which this material appears in these chapters will provide the reader with fresh insights and stimulate further research. 

Seen from a somewhat different perspective this fact should not seem at all paradoxical, because in seeking identity one needs to focus precisely on what does not change. But how can the mere value... 

Probably the most widely applicable asymmetric imine aziridination reaction reported to date is that of Wulff et al. These workers approached the reaction from a different perspective, utilizing the so-called vaulted , axially chiral boron Lewis acids VANOL and VAPOL [35] to mediate reactions between ethyl diazoacetate and N-benzhydrylimines (Scheme 4.29) [36]. The reactions proceed with impressive enantiocontrol, but there is a requirement that the benzhydryl substituent be present since this group is not an aziridine activator there is, therefore, a need for deprotection and attachment of a suitable activating group. Nonetheless, this method is a powerful one, with great potential for synthesis, as shown by the rapid synthesis of chloroamphenicol by the methodology [37]. 

After all this action, if nothing satisfactory occurs, rather than give up look for that really creative solution because it is out there. You may be too close to the problem. Get away from the trees and look at the forest. Climb up one of the trees and look at things from a different perspective. 

Analytical and problem-solving skills initially help in analysing situations correctly and identifying problems. They also enable one to view issues from different perspectives and to devise a range of solution alternatives. Examining a problem from different angles also helps the mentor to ... 

The inevitability of systematic and random errors in the measurement process, somewhat loosely circumscribed by drift and noise, means that Xmean and Sj can only be approximations to the true values. Thus the results found in the preceding section can be viewed under three different perspectives ... 

The triple bond includes two itt bonds formed by the pair-wise overlap of the p orbitals that remain on the carbon and nitrogen atoms. Two figures from different perspectives help illustrate the triple bond ... 

A second product is the ICE Solid-State Model Kit, developed by L. A. Mayer and G. C. Lisensky, which makes it possible to build extended three-dimensional structures Using a base with holes, templates for some 60 different structures, rods, and four sizes of spheres in radius ratios, common crystal structures can be assembled in a matter of minutes (3). Furthermore, many structures can be assembled from different perspectives by teams of students For example, the cubic NaCl unit cell can be assembled with its orientation on the face of the cube or on the body diagonal. Natural cleavage planes can be found with the kit Lifting one sphere will separate atomic planes from one another. (Contact ICE for ordering information.)... 

While the computational work for setting up the matrix representation R of p(r) scales formally as N4, this can be cut down to N3 using again the trick introduced in section 7-3 by expanding the density in terms of an atom centered, orthonormalized auxiliary basis set cok (recall equation (7-25)). Let us review this simplification under a slightly different perspective. The starting point is again... 

The same problem can be treated from a slightly different perspective. Motivated by the fact that it is the inverse temperature that is thermodynamically conjugate to the energy, define the zeroth temperature [1, 3] as... 

Surrealist artist Max Ernst defined collage as the "alchemy of the visual image." Students of his work have often dismissed this comment as simply a metaphor for the transformative power of using found images in a new context. Taking a wholly different perspective on Ernst and alchemy, however, M. E. Warlick persuasively demonstrates that the artist had a profound and abiding interest in alchemical philosophy and often used alchemical symbolism in works created throughout his career. 

In order that different perspectives may be applied, members from research, process engineering, project engineering, construction, and production should be at the review meeting. Notes should be taken at this meeting on how to shut down the plant under any set of circumstances. Startup procedures should also be documented to see that they can be done easily and safely. It is reviews like this that help prevent the multimillion-dollar fires and explosions that have destroyed many plants and taken many lives in recent years. 

Figure4.ll Bottom optimized ions HSE03 total density of states and integrated number of defect states (An) for Ovac. The integrated charge density corresponding to the defect states is shown in the top panel from two different perspectives for the same isocontour value (green 10 6eA 3). O red, Ti cyan (unpublished work).

Shostak, S. (1999), Evolution of Sameness and Difference Perspectives on the Human Genome Project, Harwood Academic Press, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. 

Pre-crystalline order in PET has been investigated by a number of different groups and in the present volume the issue is reviewed under different perspectives in two other contributions [25,26]. Nodular structures measuring ca. 7.5 nm and ca 15 nm apart in PET quenched from the melt close to Tg were first described by Geil [27,28]. Such structures are essentially amorphous, albeit characterized by some degree of orientational order and by a significantly higher density as compared to the fully isotropic polymer. They are indeed qualitatively compatible with the bundle model we propose [29]. Apparently... 

Gas phase transition metal cluster chemistry lies along critical connecting paths between different fields of chemistry and physics. For example, from the physicist s point of view, studies of clusters as they grow into metals will present new tests of the theory of metals. Questions like How itinerant are the bonding electrons in these systems and Is there a metal to non-metal phase transition as a function of size are frequently addressed. On the other hand from a chemist point of view very similar questions are asked but using different terminology How localized is the surface chemical bond and What is the difference between surface chemistry and small cluster chemistry Cluster science is filling the void between these different perspectives with a new set of materials and measurements of physical and chemical properties. 

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