Transporting employees and materials

and falls constitute the majority of general industry accidents. They cause 15 percent of all accidental deaths, and are second only to motor vehicles as a cause of fatalities. The OSHA standards for walking and working surfaces apply to all permanent places of employment, except where only domestic, mining, or agricultural work is performed. 

Materials or equipment should be stored in such a way that sharp projections will not interfere with the walkway. Changes of direction or elevations should be readily identifiable. There should be adequate headroom provided for the entire length of any aisle or walkway. 

Only authorized and trained personnel are permitted to use welding, cutting, or brazing equipment Operators must have a copy of the appropriate operating instrac-tions, which they are directed to follow. Only approved apparati (e.g., torches, regulators, pressure reducing valves, acetylene generators, and manifolds) can be used. 

Provisions must be made to never crack a fuel gas cylinder valve near sources of ignition. Before a regulator is removed, the valve must be closed and gas must be released from the regulator. Red is used to identify the acetylene (and other fuel-gas) hose, green is for the oxygen hose, and black is for inert gas and the air hose. Pressure-reducing regulators are used only for gas and the pressures for which they are intended. 

It is required that eye protection helmets, hand shields, and goggles meet appropriate standards. Employees exposed to hazards created by welding, cutting, or brazing operations must be protected with personal protective equipment and clothing. 

When the object to be welded carmot be moved and fire hazards cannot be removed, shields are to be used to confine heat, sparks, and slag. A fire watch is to be assigned when welding or cutting is performed in locations where a serious fire might 

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In general, DOT safety regulations fall into two categories. The first pertains to qualifications and hours of service of carrier employees and the safety of transport operations and equipment. The second, of special concern to the chemical industry, pertains to the transportation of hazardous materials and related commodities. 

Materials handling applications can be made wherever materials are transported, positioned, or.stored, the most extensive use being in mahufg. Manufg involves elements of motion, time, quantity, and space motion to transport materials between work stations, time to process and handle materials, quantity to establish work schedules and.material flow rates, and space to house materials, machines, and employees. The... 

Contents Indude legal and regulatory framework, alternative modes for transportation, employee training, relationship between shippers and carriers, safety in shipping, exemptions from transportation requirements, enforcement proceedings, risk management, radioactive materials, and waste transport... 

Safe warehousing of chemicals begins with an explicit management commitment to employees, community and other stakeholders, and includes efforts to protect against the hazards posed by the materials stored and transported to and from the facility. This chapter outlines some of the specific actions management should take to fulfill this responsibility. 

Tools and material shall be secured to prevent movement when transported in the same compartment with employees. 

Order processors, designers, work planners, distributors, buyers, merchandise receivers, quality testers, warehousers, shippers, material providers, transporters, employees in production and assembly as well as packers, shippers and possibly field technicians at the customer s. 

Tools and material shall be secured to prevent movement when transported in the same compartment with employees. Vehicles used to transport employees shall have seats firmly secured and adequate for the number of employees to be carried. Seat belts and anchorages meeting requirements shall be installed in all motor vehicles. 

Hazardous substance any substance to which exposure may result in adverse effects on the health or safety of employees includes substances defined under Section 101(14) of CERCLA biological or disease-causing agents that may reasonably be anticipated to cause death, disease, or other health problems any substance listed by the U.S. Department of Transportation as hazardous material under 49 CFR 172.101 and appendices and substances classified as hazardous waste... 

All employees involved in the hazardous materials (in this section referred to hazmaf) transportation process must be trained. It is the employer s responsibility to make sure all employees are trained.The DOT outlines the following definitions for a hazmat employee and employer ... 

AH Department of Transportation (DOT), Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) rules and regulations should be reviewed prior to handling hydrochloric acid and all the regulations must be followed. AH employees handling HCl must be trained to ensure that they are familiar with the appropriate materials safety data sheets and appHcable regulations. 

Most large electrochemical processing faciHties are located where raw materials, including electric power, are readily available at reasonable costs. Other factors influencing the location of electrochemical plants are proximity to markets, estabHshed transportation faciHties, availabiHty of water, and a source of labor. Large electrochemical plants are capital intensive, requiring large capital investment cost per employee. 

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