Transformation, Lorenz

However, significant evidence exists to demonstrate that colloids protect extracellular DNA and that at least a portion of the sorbed DNA is available for transformation (Lorenz etal., 1988,1992 Lorenz Wackernagel, 1990 Stewart Sinigalliano, 1990 Paul etal., 1991 Romanowski etal., 1992 Khanna Stotzky, 1992 Recorbet et al., 1993)- In addition to a direct impact on transforming DNA, the soil environment may indirectly affect transformation as it controls immobilization and competence of the recipient cell (Lorenz Wackernagel, 1991). 

The incidence of ovarian tumors in mice, guinea pigs, and rabbits increased after 3 years of chronic irradiation at doses as low as 1.1 mGy daily (Lorenz et al. 1954). Unlike other tumors, the induction of ovarian tumors depended on a minimum total dose and seemed to be independent of a daily dose (Lorenz et al. 1954). Radiation-induced neoplastic transformation of hamster cells may be associated initially with changes in expression of the genes modifying cytoskeletal elements (Woloschak et al. 1990b). 

Lorenz SA, Moy MA, Dolan AR, Wood TD. 1999. Electrospray ionization fourier transform mass spectrometry quantification of enkephalin using an internal standard. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 13 2098. 

More important for the purposes of this review is the possible participation of soil in promoting transformation involving extracellular DNA stabilized in some manner by its interaction with soil colloids. Extracellular DNA originates from soil bacteria (Lorenz et al., 1991) and genetically modified bacteria placed in aquatic environments (Paul David, 1989), and exists in environmental matrices (Lorenz et al., 1981 Ogram et al., 1987 Paul et al., 1990). 

Aardema, B. W., Lorenz, M. G. Krumbein, W. E. (1983). Protection of sediment-adsorbed transforming DNA against enzymatic inactivation. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 46, 417-20. 

Lorenz, M. G. Wackernagel, W. (1990). Natural genetic transformation of Pseudomonas stutzeri by sand-adsorbed DNA. Archives of Microbiology, 154, 380-5. 

Lorenz, M. G., Aardema, B. W. Wackernagel, W. (1988). Highly efficient genetic transformation of Bacillus subtil is attached to sand grains. Journal of General Microbiology, 134, 107-12. 

Lorenz, M. G., Gerjets, D. Wackernagel, W. (1991). Release of transforming plasmid and chromosomal DNA from two cultured soil bacteria. Archives ofMicrobiology, 156, 319-26. 

Colwell AS, Phan TT, Kong W, Longaker MT, Lorenz PH. Hypertrophic scar fibroblasts have increased connective tissue growth factor expression after transforming growth factor-P stimulation. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 2005, 116, 1387-1390 discussion 1391-1392. 

SA Lorenz, EP Maziarz, TD Wood. Electrospray ionization Fourier transform mass spectrometry of macromolecules the first decade. Appl Spectrosc 53 18A-36A, 1999. 

The system (1) has only two nonlinearities, the quadratic terms xy and xz. This should remind you of the waterwheel equations (9.1.9), which had two nonlinearities, and mb I - See Exercise 9.1.3 for the change of variables that transforms the waterwheel equations into the Lorenz equations. 

The derivation of the electron-electron interaction needs deep analysis originating in the special theory of relativity. Let us consider two coordinate systems C(x,y,z, r) and C x, y, z, t ) with the time-related coordinate r = ict. Let the inertial frame C be moving along the x-direction with a constant velocity v relative to C. The systems of coordinates are interrelated by the Lorenz transformation and its inverse according to Table 4.4, where the dimensionless time dilation factor... 

Lorenz transformation of Inverse transformation of Lorenz transformation of a... 

The Lorenz transformation requires some additional terms in the electron-electron interaction resulting in the Breit operator. The two-electron Breit Hamiltonian consists of the Dirac Hamiltonian for the individual electrons plus the Breit operator. The decoupling of the Breit equation to the upper-upper subspace of interest results in the appearance of several new Hamiltonian terms. 

Mai, V., Lorenz, W.W., and Wiegel, J. (1997) Transformation of Thermoanaer-ohacterium sp. strain JW/SL-YS485 with plasmid pIKMl conferring kanamycin resistance. FEMS Microbiol Lett, 148 (2), 163-167. 

Maziarz, E. R, HI, Baker, G. A., Lorenz, S. A., and Wood, T. D. External ion accumulation of low molecular weight poly(ethylene glycol) by electrospray ionization Fourier transform mass spectrometry. /. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom., 10, 1298,1999. 

Another kind of approach has been initiated in the recent investigations by Toth and Hars (1986a). They studied linear transforms of the Lorenz equation (1968) and of the Rossler model (1976) in order to obtain kinetic models. The failure of their efforts underline the importance of negative cross-effects. Based upon these results the following conjecture can be formulated if a nonkinetic polynomial differential equation shows chaotic behaviour then it cannot be transformed into a kinetic one. 

Show that none of the proper and improper orthogonal transforms of the Lorenz equation are kinetic equations. 

Toth, J. Hars, V. (1986a). Orthogonal transforms of the Lorenz- and Rossler-X equation. Physica, 19D, 135-44. 

So far we have just defined another four-component quantity Af, but by now it is not clear whether it properly transforms under Lorentz transformations in order to justify the phrase 4-vector. In order to prove the transformation property of the gauge field, we re-express the inhomogeneous Maxwell equations in Lorenz gauge as given by Eq. (2.138) in explicitly covariant form by employment of the charge-current density and the gauge field A, ... 

Lorenz N, Olsovska J, Sulc M, Tudzynski P (2010) The alkaloid cluster gene ccsA of the ergot fungus Claviceps purpurea encodes the chanoclavine-I-synthase, an FAD-containing oxidoreductase mediating the transformation of N-methyl-dimethylallyltryptophan to chanoclavine-I. Appl Environ Microbiol 76 1822-1830... 

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