Reconstructive surgery

Cronin, T. et al. Augmentation mammaplasty A new natural feel prosthesis. Transactions 3rd International Congress Plastic. Reconstruction Surgery, Broadband, T.R., Ed., Excerpta Medica Foundation, Amsterdam, 1963, 41. 

Iatrogenic warm ischaemia (WI) may be induced vvhen (1) the renal vessels are clamped in situ for exploratory or reconstructive surgery of the kidney (2) when the organ is removed from the donor, reconstructed invito and then replanted orthotopically and (3) when a kidney is harvested from a donor for transplantation. 

The earliest recorded attempts at organ transplant date back thousands of years.1 More than a few apocryphal descriptions exist from ancient Egypt, China, India, and Rome documenting experimentation with transplantation. For example, an Indian text from the second century bc describes a procedure for nasal reconstruction surgery with the use of autografted skin. Also, Roman Catholic lore has saints Damian and Cosmas replacing the gangrenous leg of a man with the leg of a recently deceased man in the third century ad.1... 

Disa, J.J., Vossoughi, J. and Goldberg, N.H. (1993). A comparison of obsidian and surgical steel scalpel wound-healing in rats. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 92 884-887. 

Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Medical Center Blvd., Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA E-mail nlevi wfubmc.edu... 

More compliant highly fluorinated polymers for reconstructive surgery (e.g., vascular grafts) and other surgical devices will undoubtedly be developed. Various ophthalmologic aids are also being commonly used. 

Colwell AS, Phan TT, Kong W, Longaker MT, Lorenz PH. Hypertrophic scar fibroblasts have increased connective tissue growth factor expression after transforming growth factor-P stimulation. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 2005, 116, 1387-1390 discussion 1391-1392. 

Ulrich D, Hrynyschyn K, Pallua N. Matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases in sera and tissue of patients with Dupuytren s disease. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 2003, 112, 1279-1286. 

Costantino PD, Friedman CD, Lane AG. Synthetic biomaterials in facial plastic and reconstructive surgery. Facial Plastic Surgery 1993, 9, 1-15. 

Vranckx JJ, SlamaJ, Preuss S, Perrez N, Svensjo TS, Breuing K, Bartlett R, Pribaz J, Weiss D, Eriksson E. Wet wound healing. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 2002, 110, 1680-1687. 

Broughton GI, Janis JE, Attinger CE. The basic science of wound healing. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 2006, 117(7 Suppl.), 12S-34S. 

Treatment consisted of repeated removal of destroyed bone tissue and teeth, draining of abscesses, and reconstructive surgery. In severe cases, extensive removal of necrotic bone tissue led to permanent disfigurement. However, exposure levels of white phosphorus were not reported (Ward 1928). Case reports of development of phossy jaw following intermediate or chronic occupational exposure to unreported levels of white phosphorus and phosphorus compounds describe a similar progression of symptoms, with similar results even in cases... 

Hypothermia is common during anesthesia, and adversely affects outcome. It primarily results from internal redistribution of body heat from the core to the periphery. Premedication with sedative agents can affect perioperative heat loss by altering core-to-peripheral heat distribution. This has been analysed in a prospective randomized study in 45 patients undergoing arthroscopic knee ligament reconstruction surgery (47). Heavy premedication caused initial hypothermia. Moderate premedication reduced perioperative heat loss. No premedication was associated with significantly lower intraoperative core temperatures than in sedated patients. 

Harajola PT, Meurala H, Frick MH Prevention of early reocclusion by dipyri-damole and ASA in arterial reconstructive surgery. J. Cardiovasc. Surg. 22-141,1981... 

Lemperle G, Morhenn VB, Pestonjamasp V, and Gallo RL (2004) Migration studies and histology of injectable microspheres of different sizes in mice. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 113 1380-1390. 

Simpson LA, Cruse CW. 1981. Gasoline immersion injury. Plastic Reconstructive Surgery 67 54-57. 

At age 30, J began living as a man by acquiring a male name and binding her chest. At age 32, J began transsexual hormonal treatment and at age 34 underwent chest reconstruction surgery. Meanwhile, L was living life as a woman. She married. She had her first child at age 20 and her 8th child at age 35. 

Other biomedical applications of polymers include sustained and controlled drug delivery formulations for implantation, transdermal and trans-cornealuses, intrauterine devices, etc. (6, 7). Major developments have been reported recently on the use of biomaterials for skin replacement (8), reconstruction of vocal cords (9), ophthalmic applications such as therapeutic contact lenses, artificial corneas, intraocular lenses, and vitreous implants (10), craniofacial, maxillofacial, and related replacements in reconstructive surgery (I), and neurostimulating and other electrical-stimulating electrodes (I). Orthopedic applications include artificial tendons (II), prostheses, long bone repair, and articular cartilage replacement (I). Finally, dental materials and implants (12,13) are also often considered as biomaterials. 

Division of Piastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Waies Hospitai, Hong Kong SAR, Peopie s Repubiic of China... 

A large portion of the human body is composed of soft tissues Including muscles, fatty tissues and connective tissues. The general area of plastic and/or reconstructive surgery Involves this type of tissue to a large extent. Each year there are at least 200,000 breast prostheses and/or augumentatlons (7),... 

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