Transcriptional regulatory proteins

Detailed analysis of the lambda repressor led to the important concept that transcription regulatory proteins have several functional domains. For example, lambda repressor binds to DNA with high affinity. Repressor monomers form dimers, dimers interact with each other, and repressor interacts with RNA polymerase. The protein-DNA interface and the three protein-protein interfaces all involve separate and distinct domains of the repressor molecule. As will be noted below (see Figure 39—17), this is a characteristic shared by most (perhaps all) molecules that regulate transcription. 

Table39-3. Examples of transcription regulatory proteins that contain the various binding motifs.

The species differences, particularly with respect to humans compared to rats and mice, can be potentially attributed to several aspects of PPARa-mediated regulation of gene expression. These include the level of expression and functional capability of PPARa, the presence or absence of active PPREs in the promoter region of specific genes, and other aspects of interaction with transcriptional regulatory proteins. 

Struhl, K., Helix-tum-helix, zinc-finger and leucine-zipper motifs for eukaryotic transcriptional regulatory proteins. 

Johnson, P.F. McKnight, S.L. (1989). Eukaryotic transcriptional regulatory proteins. Annual Review of Biochemistry 58, 799-839. 

A gene (rebR/staR/atR/inkR) coding for a putative LAL transcriptional regulatory protein was found in the respective loci for the biosynthesis ofREB [22-24], STA [28],... 

AP-1 A transcriptional regulatory protein. It is the product of C-Jun. a proto-oncogene. 

Siruld. K 1989. 1 lell.x-iurn-heiix, zinc-iIniier, and leucine-zipper motifs (or eukaryotic transcriptional regulatory proteins. I rends Bioche 7i Sci. 14 137 140. 

These receptors, as heterodimers (RAR-RXR) or homodimers (RXR-RXR), function as RA-inducible transcriptional regulatory proteins by binding to DNA regions called retinoic acid response elements (RAREs) or retinoid X response elements (RXREs) located within the promoter of target genes. RAREs consist of direct repeats of the consensus half-site sequence AGGTCA separated most... 

Availability of antibodies to myogenic transcription factors myogenin (also called myf-4) and Myo-Dl has greatly improved the ability to demonstrate a skeletal muscle phenotype in suspected RMS. Myogenin and Myo-Dl are myogenic transcriptional regulatory proteins... 

The immunohistochemical profile of RMS includes the myogenic transcriptional regulatory proteins myogenin and Myo-Dl, as well as muscle-specific actin, desmin, and myoglobin. 

Amino Acid Sequences in the HTH Regions of Selected Transcription Regulatory Proteins... 

A practical, step-by-step guideline for successful studies of PTM is provided based on our own experience in studying PTMs of several transcription regulatory proteins including RIP140, RAR, RXR, TR2, TR4, and NF-kB. 

Helix-turn-helix. Some transcriptional regulatory proteins that recognize specific DNA sequences are known to bind DNA as dimers, and their binding sites on DNA possess dyad symmetry. These proteins share a distinctive succession of two a-hefices separated by a relatively sharp [1 turn termed the helix-tum-helix motif (Steitz et at, 1982 Harrison and Aggarwal, 1990). They have several criteria ... 

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