Arsenic toxicology

Toxicology. Arsenic compounds are irritants of the skin, mucous membranes, and eyes gastrointestinal effects, peripheral neuropathy, vascular lesions, skin diseases, and various cancers are reported risks of exposure to arsenic compounds. 

Gift-jasmin, m. Carolina jasmine (Gelsemium sempervirens). -kies, m. arsenopyrite. -kobalt, m. native arsenic, -kraut, n. poisonous plant, -kunde, /. toxicology, -lattich, m. strong-scented lettuce (Lactuea virosa). -lehre, /. toxicology. 

Owens D.M. Ward, A Review of the Toxicology of Colored Chemical Smoke Dyes , EB-TR-74064, Edgwood Arsenal (1974), AD A003 827 92) J.P. Bouloumie, La Pyro-... 

Lantz RC, Petrick JS, Hays AM. Altered protein expression following in utero exposure to arsenic. Society of Toxicology, 2005. 

Lu T et al. Application of cDNA microarray to the study of arsenic-induced liver diseases in the population of Guizhou, China. Toxicol Sci 2001 59 185-192. Bristol DW et al. The NIEHS Predictive Toxicology Evaluation Project. Environ Health Persp 1996 104(Suppl. 5] 1001-1010. 

USAF (United States Air Force). 1990. Arsenic. Ohap. 5, pp. 75-1-75-102 in The Installation Restoration Program Toxicology Guide. Harry G. Armstrong Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH. 

In addition to the agents detailed in this handbook, there are other arsenic vesicants that were employed during World War I on a limited basis. However, there is little or no published information concerning the physical, chemical, or toxicological properties of these additional agents. 

Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). 1992. Toxicological Profile for Arsenic. U.S. Dept. Health Human Serv., Publ. Health Serv., ATSDR, TP-92/02. 186 pp. 

Cockell, K.A. and WJ. Bettger. 1993. Investigations of the gallbladder pathology associated with dietary exposure to disodium arsenate heptahydrate in juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Toxicology 77 233-248. 

Pershagen, G. and M. Vahter. 1979. Arsenic — A Toxicological and Epidemiological Appraisal. Naturvards-verket Rapp. SNV PM 1128, Liber Tryck, Stockholm. 265 pp. 

Selby, L.A., A.A. Case, G.D. Osweiler, and H.M. Hages, Jr. 1977. Epidemiology and toxicology of arsenic poisoning in domestic animals. Environ. Health Perspec. 19 183-189. 

Yamauchi, H. and Y. Yamamura. 1985. Metabolism and excretion of orally administered arsenic trioxide in the hamster. Toxicology 34 113-121. 

The term heavy metals is rather broad, relative, and nonspecific. There are many heavy metals. In industrial toxicology, however, the term is used to describe certain heavy metallic substances that can be distinguished from other metals because of their particular toxic effects. Of these, the most common are arsenic, lead, and mercury. These are the ones that will be dealt with here. 

Toxicological studies on direct food additives have revealed toxic and harmful actions. Food dyes and preservatives have been used since ancient Roman times to improve the color of wine or to disinfect wine containers. The development of chemistry led to many unwise experiments, such as the dying of food with copper, chrome, lead, mercury, arsenic, and cadmium salts. In the U.S. in 1906, over 300 food dyes were officially tested, of which only seven passed and were allowed to be used in food. Only two of them - erythrosine and idigotine - are permitted now. The lists of preservatives are also constantly modified in different countries. Quite recently, formic acid, which is used to preserve semi-products, was banned in Poland due to its deleterious effects. 

Toxicology. Lead arsenate may cause lead and/or arsenic intoxication arsenic symptoms likely predominate in acute intoxication, whereas prolonged inhalation of lead arsenate may induce the symptoms of lead intoxication. ... 

Patty FA Arsenic, phosphorus, selenium, sulfur, and tellurium. In Patty FA (eds) IndmtrialHygiene and Toxicology, 2nd ed, Vol 2, Toxicology, p 885. New York, Wiley-Interscience, 1963... 

US ATSDR - Agency for Toxic Substance Disease Registry - Toxicology Profile Series Arsenic. Online. Available HTTP (accessed 9 April 2003). 

Ford, D.F., and Rozimarek, H. Toxicological basis for controlling levels of mustard in the environment. U.S. Army Armament Command. Edgewood Arsenal Biomedical Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Md. Edgewood Arsenal Special Publication EB-SP-74030. 1975. 61 p. 

Vocd, F.J. Toxicology of riot control chemicals - CS, CN, and DM. U.S. Army Medical Research Laboratory, Edgewood Arsenal, Md. Technical Report EATR 4309. 1969. 79 p. 

Choie, D.D., and Landis, W.G. A review of toxicologic studies on dlbenz-l,4-oxazeplne (CR). U.S. Army Chemical Systems Laboratory, Edgewood Arsenal, Md. 1982. 16 p. 

---