Title III - Air Toxics

The 1990 CAA Amendments listed 189 hazardous air pollutants. It also told EPA to establish regulations for each pollutant and to publish a schedule for regulating the sources thereof For the petroleum refining industry, EPA issued regulations for the following  

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Title III Air Toxics - Toxic air pollutants are those pollutants which are hazardous to human health or the environment but are not specifically covered under another... 

Further, VMS materials are not regulated as "hazardous air pollutants" (HAPs) and are not controlled under National Emission Standards for HAPs (NESHAP) requirements or the Clean Air Act National Ambient Air Quality Standards. In 1994, VMS materials were included on a list of acceptable precision and electronics cleaning substances under SNAP. In addition, VMS fluids are not regulated under U.S. EPA Title III Air Toxics and are not EPA Criteria Pollutants. 

Title I - Non-Attainment Title II - Mobile Sources Title III - Air Toxics Title IV - Acid Rain Title V - Operating Permits... 

However, in contrast to the previous clean air statutes, the 1990 amendments contained extensive provisions for control of the accidental release of air toxics from storage or transportation (TPG, 1995) as well as the formation of acid rain. At the same time, the 1990 amendments provided new and added requirements for such original ideas as state implementation plans for attaimnent of the national ambient air quality standards and permitting requirements for the attaimnent and nonattainment areas. Title III now calls for a vastly expanded program to regulate hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) or air toxics. 

Under the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990, the mandate is to establish, during the first phase, technology-based maximum achievable control technology (MACT) emission standards that apply to the major categories or subcategories of sources of the listed hazardous air pollutants (EPA, 1997). In addition, Title III provides for health-based standards that address the issue of residual risks due to air toxic emissions from the sources equipped with MACT and to determine whether the MACT standards can protect health with an ample margin of safety. 

The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) controls the disposal of hazardous waste. SARA Title III governs the toxic inventory and emission reporting the Clean Water Act (CWA) sets the limits for metals that can be present in water discharge and the Clear Air Act (CAA)... 

Butoxyethanol and 2-butoxyethanol acetate do not occur naturally. Little quantitative information was found in the available literature characterizing the release of these chemicals to the environment. 2-Butoxyethanol and 2-butoxyethanol acetate may be released to air, water, or soil from facilities where they are manufactured or processed. However, information about the release of 2-butoxyethanol is not available in the TRI database because the database contains such information only for the general toxic chemical category of glycol ethers and not for specific glycol ethers (EPA 1995). No information is available in the TRI database on the amount of 2-butoxyethanol acetate released to air, water, or soil by facilities that manufacture or process this compound because this compound is not included under SARA, Title III, and therefore, is not among the chemicals that facilities are required to report (EPA 1995). 

Environmental auditing can cover a wide range of objectives. The approach can focus on how well a manufacturing facility is complying with the various environmental regulations, such as the Clean Air Act Amendments (C AAA), the Clean Water Act (CWA), the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), Title III of the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA), the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA), the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA), various aspects ofthe Occupational Safety andHealth Act (OSHA), and can also cover property acquisition. It can also cover the various State regulations, for instance, in New Jersey an environmental audit can cover the Toxic Catastrophe Prevention Act (TCPA), the Spill Act, and the State... 

The control of VOC s is the single largest environmental challenge facing CPI companies, especially with the enactment of CAAA of 1990. About 80% of the annual air toxic emissions (per SARA Title III, Sec. 313, Form R Reporting) are VOC s. 

There are certain regulatory bodies, such as the Superfund Amendment and Reauthorisation Act (SARA) and the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) of the USA, the first of which (Title III SARA) regulates the toxic inventory and emissions, while the latter (RCRA) regulates disposal of hazardous waste in general. In addition there is the Clean Air Act (CAA), which regulates the abatement of all materials in the air, and OSHA, which regulates exposure to chemicals in the workplace. The Clean Water Act (CWA) controls the limits of metal concentrations in water. 

Air toxics. Title III established requirements to hmit routine emissions of HAPs and measures to prevent accidental releases of extremely hazardous substances (EHSs). 

David J. EvansI ] of the University of Wisconsin-Stout wrote an article published in the June 1992 SSA Journal (Semiconductor Safety Association) entitled An Examination of the Air Toxics Proposals of the Clean Air Act Amendments and their Effects on the Semiconductor Industry. This article gives an excellent analysis of the potential impact of the Clean Air Act, Title III (hazardous air pollutants) and Title V (permits). Evans identifies potential proactive strategies that a semiconductor facility can adopt to be in a sound position to continue in business. These strategies take into account two significant factors ... 

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