Thermoplastics polyphenylene oxide

In the 0 to 212°F range, a broad selection of materials is available. Low temperature considerations may eliminate many of the thermoplastics. Polyphenylene oxide can be used at temperatures as low as -275°F. Thermosetting materials exhibit minimum embritdement at low temperature. 

Triphenyl phosphate [115-86-6] C gH O P, is a colorless soHd, mp 48—49°C, usually produced in the form of flakes or shipped in heated vessels as a hquid. An early appHcation was as a flame retardant for cellulose acetate safety film. It is also used in cellulose nitrate, various coatings, triacetate film and sheet, and rigid urethane foam. It has been used as a flame-retardant additive for engineering thermoplastics such as polyphenylene oxide—high impact polystyrene and ABS—polycarbonate blends. 

Between 250 and 450°F (121 and 232°C), plastics used include glass or mineral-filled phenolics, melamines, alkyds, silicones, nylons, polyphenylene oxides, polysulfones, polycarbonates, methylpentenes, fluorocarbons, polypropylenes, and diallyl phthalates. The addition of glass fillers to the thermoplastics can raise the useful temperature range as much as 100°F and at the same time shortens the molding cycle. 

Several flexible polymers, such as natural rubber (NR) synthetic rubber (SR) polyalkyl acrylates copolymers of acrylonitrile, butadiene, and styrene, (ABS) and polyvinyl alkyl ethers, have been used to improve the impact resistance of PS and PVC. PS and copolymers of ethylene and propylene have been used to increase the ductility of polyphenylene oxide (PPO) and nylon 66, respectively. The mechanical properties of several other engineering plastics have been improved by blending them with thermoplastics. 

COUPLING (Chemical). Reactions for the formation of chemical compounds usually by establishing a valence bond between a carbon atom and a nitrogen atom. Phenols and several other organic substances are also said "to couple. Polyphenylene oxides, thermoplastic materials, are produced by means of oxidative-coupling technology. 

A family of engineering thermoplastics based on the above technology includes PPO polyphenylene oxide, Noryl thermoplastic resins (modified... 

The growth of these materials is reflected in the number of polymers which are being glass reinforced. These include polypropylene, polystyrene, styrene acrylonitrile, nylon, polyethylene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene, modified polyphenylene oxide, polycarbonate, acetal, polysulfone, polyurethane, poly (vinyl chloride), and polyester. In addition, the reinforced thermoplastics available now include long-fiber compounds, short-fiber compounds, super concentrates for economy, a combination of long and short fibers, and blends of polymer and fibrous glass. 

PC PE PES PET PF PFA PI PMMA PP PPO PS PSO PTFE PTMT PU PVA PVAC PVC PVDC PVDF PVF TFE SAN SI TP TPX UF UHMWPE UPVC Polycarbonate Polyethylene Polyether sulfone Polyethylene terephthalate Phenol-formaldehyde Polyfluoro alkoxy Polyimide Polymethyl methacrylate Polypropylene Polyphenylene oxide Polystyrene Polysulfone Polytetrafluoroethylene Polytetramethylene terephthalate (thermoplastic polyester) Polyurethane Polyvinyl alcohol Polyvinyl acetate Polyvinyl chloride Polyvinyl idene chloride Polyvinylidene fluoride Polyvinyl fluoride Polytelrafluoroethylene Styrene-acrylonitrile Silicone Thermoplastic Elastomers Polymethylpentene Urea formaldehyde Ultrahigh-molecular-weight polyethylene Unplasticized polyvinyl chloride... 

Mixed esters, such as isopropylphenyl diphenyl phosphate and tcrt-butylphenyl diphenyl phosphate, are also widely used as both plasticizers/flame retardants for engineering thermoplastics and hydraulic fluids.11 These esters generally show slightly less flame-retardant efficacy, when compared to triaryl counterparts however, they have the added advantage of lower smoke production when burned. Some novel oligomeric phosphate flame retardants (based on tetraphenyl resorcinol diphosphate) are also employed to flame retard polyphenylene oxide blends, thermoplastic polyesters, polyamides, vinyls, and polycarbonates. 

Various kinds of engineering thermoplastics such as polyether sulfone, polyether imide, polyaryl ether ketone, and polyphenylene oxide have been studied as toughening agents for... 

Includes acetal, granular fluoropolymers, polyamide-imide, polycarbonate, thermoplastic polyester, polyimide, modified polyphenylene oxide, polyphenylene sulfide, polysulfone, polyetherimide and liquid crystal polymers. 

Fortunately, the deficiencies of both the classic thermosets and general purpose thermoplastics have been overcome by the commercialization of a series of engineering plastics including polyacetals, polyamides, polycarbonate, polyphenylene oxide, polyaryl esters, polyaryl sulfones, polyphenylene sulfide, polyether ether ketones and polylmides. Many improvements in performance and processing of these new polymers may be anticipated through copolymerization, blending and the use of reinforcements. 

In both Europe and the United States, aluminum trihydrate, or ATH [Al(OH)3)], has by far the largest share of the mineral flame-retardant market however, magnesium hydroxide presently has the highest growth rate. To date, most of the research using magnesium hydroxide has focused on thermoplastics, including ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), polypropylene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) copolymer, and modified polyphenylene oxide (Hornsby and Watson, 1986). 

Includes polyacetal, polycarbonate, polyphenylene sulfide, thermoplastic polyester, polysulfone, modified polyphenylene oxide, polyimide, polyamide-imide and fluoropolymers Includes acrylics (532 MM lbs.), cellulosics (114 MM lbs.), PVC copolymers (178 MM lbs.). 

Nonolefinic thermoplastic polymers that in principle may be blended with polyolefins include polyamides (nylons) such as polyamide 6, polyamide 66, polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyphenylene ether (PPF), and polyphenylene oxide (PPO) polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephtha-late (PBT), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT), polycarbonates, polyethers, and polyurethanes vinyl polymers such as polystyrene (PS), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), and ethylene... 

Polyacetal polyphenylene oxide are widely used as engineering thermoplastics, and epoxy resins are used in adhesive and casting application. The main uses of poly(ethylene oxide) and poly(propylene oxide) are as macroglycols in the production of polyurethanes. Polysulfone is one of the high-temperature-resistant engineering plastics. 

Polyphenylenes The polyphenylene-based thermoplastics family includes polyphenylene ether (PPE), polyphenylene oxide (PPO), and polyphenylene sulphide (PPS). They have been one of the most successful groups introduced in the medium/higher range of cost/performance, with good heat stability and particularly good flammability properties. 

Modified Poiyphenyiene Ether Thermoplastic polyphenylene ether alloys with impact polystyrene. Has good impact strength, resistance to heat and fire, but poor resistance to solvents. Processed by injection and structural foam molding and extrusion. Used in auto parts, appliances, and telecommunication devices. Also called MPE, MPO, and Modified Polyphenylene Oxide. 

Engineering thermoplastics Nylon 6 nylon 6, 6 polycarbonate polyethylene terephthalate polybutylene terephthalate acetal ABS polyphenylene oxide... 

Hexabromobiphenyl - bro-(i)mo-(i)bl- fe-n l n. [2,4,6-(Br)3C6H2-]2- A flame retardant suitable for use in thermosetting resins and thermoplastics such as acrylo-nitrile-butadiene-styrene resin, nylons, polycarbonate, polyolefins, PVC, polyphenylene oxide, and polystyrene-acrylonitrile. It is insoluble in water, heat-stable, and furnishes a high bromine content in the end product. 

Polyphenylene oxide (PPO) ru A thermoplastic, linear, non-crystalline polyether obtained by the oxidative polycondensation on 2,6-dimethylphenol in the presence of a copper-amine complex catalyst. The resin has a wide useful temperature range, from below —170 to +190°C, with intermittent use to 205° C possible. It has excellent electrical properties, unusual resistance to acids and bases, and is pro-cessable on conventional extrusion and injection-molding equipment. Because of its high coat PPO is also marketed in the form of polystyrene blends (see Noryf ) that are lower-softening (Tg of PS is about 100°C vs 208°C for PPO), and have working properties intermediate between those of the two resins. 

Polypropylene, PVC, ABS, polyphenylene oxide, polybutylene, acryhc, polycarbonate, thermoplastic polyester, nylon... 

Extrusion ABS, acetal, acrylic, cellulosics, liquid crystal polymer, nylon, polycarbonate, polyester (thermoplastic), polyethylene, polyphenylene oxide, polypropylene, polystyrene, polysulfone, polyurethane (thermoplastic), PVC, SAN... 

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