Polystyrene acrylonitrile

In the case of poly(vinyl chloride) plastics, the FWA is mixed dry with the PVC powder before processing or dissolved in the plasticising agent (see Vinyl polymers). Polystyrene, acrylonitrile—butadiene—styrene (ABS), and polyolefin granulates are powdered with FWA prior to extmsion (2,78) (see... 

Styrene [100-42-5] (phenylethene, viaylben2ene, phenylethylene, styrol, cinnamene), CgH5CH=CH2, is the simplest and by far the most important member of a series of aromatic monomers. Also known commercially as styrene monomer (SM), styrene is produced in large quantities for polymerization. It is a versatile monomer extensively used for the manufacture of plastics, including crystalline polystyrene, mbber-modifted impact polystyrene, expandable polystyrene, acrylonitrile—butadiene—styrene copolymer (ABS), styrene—acrylonitrile resins (SAN), styrene—butadiene latex, styrene—butadiene mbber (qv) (SBR), and unsaturated polyester resins (see Acrylonithile polya rs Styrene plastics). 

The large demand for benzene is due to its use as a starting material in the production of polystyrene, acrylonitrile styrene butadiene rubber, nylons, polycarbonates and linear alkyl benzene detergent. All of these final chemical products that are suitable to form into consumer goods have multiple chemical transformations in various industrial processes to obtain them from benzene. Because the production of benzene does not involve a liquid adsorptive process on a zeolite, these processes are not described here but can be found in other sources. However, it is important to note that benzene is typically a large byproduct from an aromatics... 

It is well known that systems like polystyrene or polystyrene-acrylonitrile—generally considered brittle materials—have a remarkable increase in toughness and resistance to impact when polyblended with finely dispersed, crosslinked, but partly compatible, rubber particles. These particles are generally 0.1-10 fi in size and frequently consist of butadiene which has been grafted with monomers of similar composition to the matrix or continuous phase. 

The conclusions (Fig. 16.6) were that, for many products, for example, styrene (Fig. 16.7), polystyrene, acrylonitrile, LLDPE, and PTA, the abihty of leader reinvestment economics to predict market prices was remarkably good. A difference between the two of less than USD 50 per toime on average was observed over the 20 year period, with a similar directional trend. For other products, HPDE and... 

BAKELITE RMD 4511 CEVIAN HL DIALUX ESTYRENE AS KOSTIL LITAC LURAN LUSTRAN POLYSTYRENE-ACRYLONITRILE 2-PROPENENITRILE POLYMER with ETHENYLBENZENE... 

Styrene is an important monomer or comonomer in the manufacture of a number of polymers polystyrene, acrylonitrile/butadiene/styrene, styrene/acrylonitrile, etc. There are two main processes for the manufacture of styrene. In one process styrene is made a coproduct with propylene oxide ... 

Adapted from Clegg and Collyer (1991, Table 6.4). Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene. Polystyrene-acrylonitrile. 

The magnitude of C is about half that for polystyrene and for 2 t ical polystyrene-acrylonitrile copolymer (6), 1.0 x... 

Brominated flame retardants (BFRs) are a structurally diverse group of compounds including aromatics, cyclic aliphatics, phenolic derivatives, ahphatics, and phthahc anhydride derivatives (Figure 31.3). The most common BFRs are tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE), hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD), and polybrominated biphenyls (PBB). The primary use of TBBPA is as reactive additive in epoxy resin circuit boards, while decabromodiphenyloxide (DBDO) is primarily used in high impact polystyrene for electronic enclosures. PBDEs are typically used as the additive type of flame retardant in high impact polystyrene, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, flexible polyurethane foam, textile coatings, wire and cable insulation and electrical connectors. 

Fishbein L. 1984. Toxicity of the components of styrene polymers Polystyrene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) and styrene-butadiene-rubber (SBR). Reactants and additives. In Jarvisalo J, Pfaffli P, Vainio H, eds. Industrial hazards of plastics and synthetic elastomers. New York, NY AlanR. Liss, Inc., 239-262. 

Some polymers are essentially amorphous (e.g., polystyrene, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymer, polycarbonate, and polymethyl methacrylate) while others are semicrystalline (e.g., polyolefins and polyamides). The former tend to have a wide melting temperature range with a comparatively high melt strength, while semicrystalline polymers tend to have a narrow melting temperature range and frequently a low melt strength. 

Like impact polystyrene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymers (ABS) are sensitive to oxidation caused by the unsaturation of the elastomeric component. The processes for the manufacture of ABS require the drying (at 100°C-150°C) of powdery polymers that are extremely sensitive to oxidation. Thus, antioxidants have to be added before the coagulation step, normally in emulsified form, although sometimes in solution. The primary antioxidants are frequently sued together with a synergist. Primary anti-oxidants commonly used for ABS are BHT, 2,2 -methylenebis-(4-ethyl or methyl-6-tert-hutyl-phenol), 2,2 -methylenebis-(4-methyl-6-cyclohexyl-phenol), 2,2 -methylenehis-(4-methyl-6-nonyl-phenol), octadecyl-3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionate, and l,l,3-tris-(5-tert-hutyl-4-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl)-butane. Important synergists are tris-(nonyl-phenyl)-phosphite and dilauryl thiodipropionate. These antioxidants are either liquids or show comparatively low melting points, which is an important prerequisite for the formation of stable emulsions. 

As a measure of the level of sophistication of the industry the types of polymers consumed was as shown in figure 2. Others are mainly engineering thermoplastics (ETP), such as nylon, polyacrylates, polyacetals, polycarbonates, polyesters, and polpropylene oxide etc... These ETP s are growing at rates up to 20%. The main uses for plastic products are computer and business machine parts as well as design engineered products. The consumption of styrenic plastics (polystyrene acrylonitrile butadiene styrene - ABS) is high, relative to polyolefins, because of their demand in electric/electronic end-uses. 

Naidu, B. V. K., MaUikarjuna, N. N., and Aminabhavi, T. M. 2004. Blend compatibility studies of polystyrene/poly(methyl methacrylate) and polystyrene-acrylonitrile by densitometry, viscometry, refractometry, ultraviolet absorbance, and fluorescence techniques at 30°C. Journal of Applied Polymer Science 94 2548-2550. 

Polystyrene/acrylonitrile. See Styrene/acrylonitrile copolymer Polystyrene benzyltrimethylaminonium chloride. See Cholestyramine Polystyrene-block-poly (ethylene-ran-butylene)-block-polystyrene. See Styrene-ethylene/butylene-styrene block copolymer Polystyrene, brominated CAS 88497-56-7... 

Synonyms Polystyrene/acrylonitrile Poly (styrene-co-acrylonitrile) 2-Propenenitrile polymer with ethenylbenzene SAN SAN copolymer... 

Dow Styron Magnum Styrofoam Polystyrene and high impact polystyrene Acrylonitrile-butadiene-st5n ene terpolymer Polyst5n ene foam... 

Plastics can be divided according to their character into amorphous and crystalline. Crystallization is never complete and the so-called crystalline polymers are virtually semicrystalline ones. Examples of amorphous plastics are polystyrene, acrylonitrile-butadiene—styrene copolymers, styrene—acrylonitrile copolymers, polymethylmethacrylate, poly(vinyl chloride), cellulose acetates, phenylene oxide-based resins, polycarbonates, etc. Amorphous polymers are characterized by their glass transition temperature, semicrystalline polymers by both melting and glass transition temperatures. 

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