Thermoplastic pipes tubes

Consequently, commodity thermoplastics are the most used, with rigid and soft PVCs dominating. However, some engineering thermoplastics are used for specific applications that justify their cost. 

Let us quote some application examples for some thermoplastics. These examples may be commercialized, in development, potential or related to very specific uses. The designer must verify the possibility to use the quoted thermoplastic family for their specific problem and test the right grade in real service life conditions. 

---

Elastomeric thermoplastic resins, tubing, pipes, rubber like parts... 

Table 2.30 European consumption of major thermoplastics for tubes, pipes, conduits and fittings...

ASTM Designation D638 Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics ASTM Designation D2513 Standard Specification for Thermoplastic Gas Pressure Pipe, Tubing and Fittings ... 

Engineered thermoplastic and fluoropolymer materials used in specialty pipe, tubing, and fittings applications include the following ... 

Additional requirements for mechanical fittings can be found in ASTM D 2513 - 1999 Standard Specification for Thermoplastic Gas Pressure Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings" which is incorporated by reference in 49 CFR Part 192.7. Performance based standards for mechanical fittings were developed in 1998, reference ASTM F 1924 Standard Specification for Plastic Mechanical Fittings for Use on... 

Thermoforming and Extrusion. Improved equipment and polymers have increased the capabiUty to extmde and thermoform polypropylene however, consumption of polypropylene in these areas has not grown dramatically. Drinking straws are commonly extmded from polypropylene, however most larger diameter tubes, such as pipes and conduits, are predominantly extmded from other thermoplastics. Extmded sheet is thermoformed into food containers and trays polypropylene is used when microwavabiUty is desired. 

Vinylidene chloride-vinyl chloride copolymers were originally developed for thermoplastic molding applications, and small amounts are still used for this purpose. Extrusion of VDC-VC copolymers is the main fabrication technique for filaments, films, rods, and tubing or pipe, and involves the same concerns for thermal degradation, streamlined flow, and noncatalytic materials of construction as described for injection-molding resins. A significant application for vinylidene chloride copolymer resins is in the... 

Thermoplastics consist of long chains of molecules, in the case of PE these are unbranched. Many of these chains together form a tangle which is more difficult to unravel the more branched the chains are. The branches are like hooks which cause the molecules to catch. Under the influence of relatively small external forces chains and parts of chains can slide across each other. PE is for instance used to make containers, chemical tubing and blow-moulded bottles. Some other thermoplastics are polypropylene (crates), polyvinyl chloride PVC (pipes) and polystyrene (foam). 

A number of manufactured products comprising thermoplastics (polyethylene, polyvinylchloride, polyamides,. ..) or elastomers (natural rubber, nitrile rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, silicones) are processed by cross-linking to improve their performances in insulated electric wires and cables, multilayered films for cooking pouches, shape memory tubes, pressure resistant water pipes, expandable foams, automotive parts exposed to motor... 

While any plastic material, irrespective of its chemical composition and character, may be made into pipe or tubing, by far the greatest amount of pipe is made from thermoplastics (TPs) that are adaptable to extrusion processes (Chapter 5). Specialty pipe is made in small amounts from TS materials such as phenolic and polyester, but very large of commercial pipe is made from polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, acrylonitrile butadiene copolymers, and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene types of alloys. Specialty tubing in relatively small amounts is made of acrylates and acrylate copolymers, as well as other transparent materials (Chapter 3). 

---