Thermal constants

Physical, mechanical, and thermal constants of tin are shown in Table 1. 

V P. Glushko, Ed. Thermal Constants of Substances vols. 1-10. Academy of Science, USSR Moscow, 1965-1982. 

Lightfoot (L5, L6) considered the solidification of a semi-infinite steel mass in contact with a semi-infinite steel mold, where the thermal properties of the phases were taken to be identical. In a later paper, (L7) different thermal constants for the liquid and solid metal and for the mold were assumed. With uniform initial phase temperatures, it is seen that all boundaries of the system are immobilized in jj-space. Yang (Y2) rederived this result and further extended the application of the similarity transformation to three-region problems with induced motion. An example is the condensation of vapor, as a result of sudden pressurization, in a tank with relatively thick walls. 

What problems face the theory of combustion The theory of combustion must be transformed into a chapter of physical chemistry. Basic questions must be answered will a compound of a given composition be combustible, what will be the rate of combustion of an explosive mixture, what peculiarities and shapes of flames should we expect We shall not be satisfied with an answer based on analogy with other known cases of combustion. The phenomena must be reduced to their original causes. Such original causes for combustion are chemical reaction, heat transfer, transport of matter by diffusion, and gas motion. A direct calculation of flame velocity using data on elementary chemical reaction events and thermal constants was first carried out for the reaction of hydrogen with bromine in 1942. The problem of the possibility of combustion (the concentration limit) was reduced for the first time to thermal calculations for mixtures of carbon monoxide with air. Peculiar forms of propagation near boundaries which arise when normal combustion is precluded or unstable were explained in terms of the physical characteristics of mixtures. 

With a temperature increase, kr decreases. fcjsc is temperature-independent, and so the temperature will not affect kr. The constant /c or thermal constant increases with temperature. k is called the solvent constant, since the latter is considered to be responsible for the temperature dependence of the fluorescence lifetime. k allows fluorophore activation energy to be determined by the classical Arrhenius theory ... 

Measurements have also been made of the speed of the uniform movement in mixtures of air with each one of the hydrocarbons of the paraffin series up to and including pentane. The determinations were carried out with horizontal glass tubes, 2-5 cm. in diameter,1 and the results are shown diagrammatically in fig. 26. With the exception of methane, the maximum speeds are approximately the same, namely, about 82 cm. per second. The value for methane is rather lower than this, being 67 cm. per second. Owing to the few data available for the thermal constants of the paraffin hydrocarbons, it is not easy to explain this difference. In each instance, the mixture having the maximum speed of flame contains more combustible gas than is required for complete combustion. 

The gas may be condensed under pressure at a temperature which is attainable by the use of solid carbon dioxide.1 It can be liquefied at the ordinary temperature under a pressure of 30 atmospheres.2 The principal thermal constants are as follows —... 

Thermal Constants of Inorganic Substances. Ed. Gluschko V.P. In 10 volumes. Moskva VINITI, 1970-1985. 

The thermal conductivity, A, the thermal diffusivity, a, and the specific heat capacity, c, called the three thermal constants or the three constants of heat. 

As a mater of fact, before a series of papers were published by Kosaka et a ., a procedure to calculate the value of (S of an arbitrary solid, which is based on a concept near that of Kosaka et aL, had been presented in a book edited by Tye as one of the so-called non-steady state methods to measure a few thermal constants [48]. Fig. 64 is quoted from page 186 of Tye s book. Two experiments [49, 50], in which the values of at of solid ZrOi, Ta, ZrC and TiC were each calculated at considerably high temperatures, are also introduced in the same book. 

V. P. Glushko, V. Medvedev, et al., "Thermal Constants of Substances", Volume IX, Moscow, 1979. JANAP Thermochemical Tables, Li2(g), 12-31-83 PgCr), 6-30-82. 

Between 1734 and 1742, Reaumur wrote six volumes of Memoires pour servir a I histoire des insectes (Memoirs serving as a natural history of insects). Although unfinished, this work was an important contribution to entomology. He also noticed that crayfish have the ability to regenerate lost limbs and demonstrated that corals were animals, not plants. In 1735 he introduced the concept of growing degree-days, later known as Reaumur s thermal constant of phenology. This idea led to the heat-unit system used today to study plant-temperature relationships. 

In both mechanical (constant S, minimize H) and thermal (constant T, minimize G) contexts, pressure drives a system to become smaller or denser. 

V.A. Medvedev et ah Termicheskie Konstanty Veshestv (Thermal Constants of Substances), Vol. 1 to 10, Akad. Nauk, USSR, Viniti, Moscow, 1965-1981. 

Glushko, V. P, Ed., Thermal Constants of Substances, VINITI, Moscow, (enthalpy of fusion, heat capacity). 

The thermal constants are part of the input data to the processing program POND, and are therefore presented to MONK together with the data above 10 MeV. An option exists in the input specification of MONK of overwriting the thermal constants provided by POND by inserting the control word THDATA followed by the appropriate constants. 

Thermal conductivity data [26] was obtained using the Hot Disk thermal constants analyzer, using the following parameters measurement depth 6 mm, room temperature 25 °C, power 0.025 W, measurement time 16 s, sensor radius 2.001 mm, TCR 0.0471 K , disk type kapton, temperature drift rec yes. The diagram is shown in Figure 19.3. 

Figure 19.3 Hot Disk thermal constants analyzer (a) sensor (b) equipment diagram. (Reproduced with kind permission from NLGI. Copyright (2010) NLGI)...

CONSTANTS OF MATHEMATICAL FORMALISM 5.3.1 Some Thermal Constants... 

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