Terpolymers alkyl methacrylates

The formulation for Impet from Ticona (a Division of the Hoechst Celanese Corporation) is described in United States Patent 6 020414 [43], The latter discloses toughened PET formulations based on an ethylene-alkyl acrylate copolymer and an ethylene-alkyl methacrylate copolymer. The crux of this patent is to use a combination of an elastomeric terpolymer functionalized with glycidyl acrylate or glycidyl methacrylate and an alkyl acrylate or alkyl methacrylate (the latter forming the major part of the combination - up to 40wt%). For instance,... 

Segmented terpolymers of poly(alkyl methacrylate)-g-poly(D-lactide)/poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PLA/PDMS) were prepared by combination of a grafting through technique (macromonomer method) and controlled/living radical polymerization such as atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) or reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization. In a single-step approach, the low molecular weight methacrylate monomer (methyl methacrylate... 

Long-chain alkyl methacrylates, ethyl acrylate, and a small amount of MA have been copolymerized in high boiling naptha with peroxides and promoters such as Hyamine 22 (quaternary ammonium salt) at 105 C. The solutions have been used as a modifier for baking enamels. " Post reaction of the anhydride moiety in the terpolymer with aminoethyl ethylene urea formed detergent additives for fuel and lube oils. " " ... 

Some other interesting copolymers having properties of PVC thermal stabUizers, like poly[Af-(a-benzothiazolonylmethyl)methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate] [45], of flame retardants like a terpolymer of styrene, acrylonitrile and a polymerizable perbrominated phenol [76] or poly[4-methacryloyloxy-2,3,5,6-tetrabromobenzyldi-phenyl phosphonate-co-methyl methacrylate] [104] (93), bioddes, mostly copolymers of monomers containing tris(n-butyl tin) or triphenyl tin moieties and alkyl acrylates, methacrylates, vinyl acetate, acrylonitrile, styrene or A-vinylpyrrolidone [105], e.g. a terpolymer of styrene, MMA and tri(n-butyl tin) itaconate [106] (94),... 

In ASA terpolymer acrylic acid brings more flexibility and the material has very good mechanical properties and weather resistance. For these reasons ASA is extensively used in automotive industry and in the fabrication of various appliances. Even more frequently than acrylic acid itself, various acrylates are used in copolymers. Among these can be mentioned the copolymers of acrylic acid esters with methacrylic acid esters such as poly(methyl methacrylate-co-methyl acrylate), poly(methyl methacrylate-co-ethyl acrylate), poly(methyl methacrylate-co-butyl acrylate), poly(ethyl methacrylate-co-ethyl acrylate), poly(acrylonitrile-co-methyl acrylate), poly(alkyl acrylate-co-methyl methacrylates), and poly(alkyl acrylate-co-hydroxyethyl methacrylates) where alkyl can be methyl, ethyl, butyl, etc. Some literature information regarding thermal decomposition of copolymers including acrylic acid and acrylic acid esters is given in Table 6.7.8 [6],... 

Terpolymers of acrylamide, N-alkyl acrylamide, and zwitterionic monomers [e.g. (hydroxyethyl) dimethyl (3<-sulfopropyl) eunmonium methacrylate (SPE) ] were prepared... 

Here, the inner core of the particle comprises a polymer of controlled modulus, for example, a silicone rubber or a methacrylic-butadiene-styrene terpolymer. The outer shell of the particle contains reactive species that are so designed to react with the adhesive matrix being used. For example, the styrene-based core contains 1 to 2% of an alkyl aryl sulphonate as its outer shell. 

Copolymerization. The importance of VDC as a monomer results from its ability to copolymerize with other vinyl monomers. Its Q value equals 0.22 and its e valne eqnals 0.36. It most easily copolymerizes with acrylates, but it also reacts, more slowly, with other monomers, eg, st5Tene, that form highly resonance-stabilized radicals. Reactivity ratios (ri and T2) with various monomers are listed in Table 2. Many other copolymers have been prepared from monomers for which the reactivity ratios are not known. The commercially important copolymers include those with vinyl chloride (VC), acrylonitrile (AN), or various alkyl acrylates, but many commercial polymers contain three or more components, of which VDC is the principal one. Usually one component is introduced to improve the processi-bility or solubility of the polymer the others are added to modify specific use properties. Most of these compositions have been described in the patent literature, and a list of various combinations has been compiled (41). A typical terpolymer might contain 90 wt% VDC, with the remainder made up of AN and an acrylate or methacrylate monomer. 

Some specific recent applications of the GC-MS technique to various types of polymers include the following PE [49,50], poly(l-octene) [51], poly(l-decene) [51], poly(l-dodecene) [51], 1-octene-l-decene-l-dodecene terpolymer [51], chlorinated polyethylene [52], polyolefins [53, 54], acrylic acid methacrylic acid copolymers [55], polyacrylates [56], styrene-butadiene and other rubbers [57-59], nitrile rubber [60], natural rubbers [61, 62], chlorinated natural rubber [63, 64], polychloroprene [65], PVC [66-68], silicones [69, 70], polycarbonates [71], styrene-isoprene copolymers [72], substituted PS [73], polypropylene carbonate [74], ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers [75], Nylon [76], polyisopropenyl cyclohexane a-methyl styrene copolymers [77], m-cresol-novolac epoxy resins [78], polymeric flame retardants [79], poly(4-N-alkyl styrenes) [80], polyvinyl pyrrolidone [81], vinyl pyrrolidone-methyl acryloxysilicone copolymers [82], polybutylcyanoacrylate [83], polysulfide copolymers [84], poly(diethyl-2-methacryloxy)ethyl phosphate [85], ethane-carbon monoxide copolymers [86], polyetherimide [87], bisphenol A [88], ethyl styrene [89], styrene-isoprene block copolymer [89], polyvinyl alcohol-co-vinyl acetate [90], epoxide thiol [91], maleic acid-propylene copolymer [92], P-hydroxy butyrate-P-hydroxy valerate copolymer [93], polycaprolactams [39,94], PS [95,96], polypyrrole [95,96], polyhydroxy alkanoates [97], poly(p-chloromethyl) styrene [81], polybenzooxazines and siloxy substituted polyoxadisila-pentanylenes [98,99] poly benzyl methacrylates [100], polyolefin blends after ageing in soil [101] and polystyrene peroxide [43]. 

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