Tennis racket

Tennessee whiskey Tennis Tennis balls Tennis rackets... 

Composites. Various composite materials have evolved over the years as a significant class of high performance textile products. The prototype composite is carbon fiber with an epoxy resin matrix for stmctural akcraft components and other aerospace and military appHcations. Carbon fiber composites ate also used in various leisure and spotting items such as golf clubs, tennis rackets, and lightweight bicycle frames. However, other types of appHcations and composites ate also entering the marketplace. For example, short ceUulose fiber/mbbet composites ate used for hoses, belting, and pneumatic tire components. 

Applications. Epoxy resias constitute over 90% of the matrix resia material used ia advanced composites. In addition, epoxy resias are used ia all the various fabrication processes that convert resias and reinforcements iato composite articles. Liquid resias ia combiaation, mainly, with amines and anhydride are used for filament winding, resia transfer mol ding, and pultmsion. Parts for aircraft, rocket cases, pipes, rods, tennis rackets, ski poles, golf club shafts, and fishing poles are made by one of these processes with an epoxy resia system. 

The foams, marketed by Rohm as Rohacell, are stable at room temperature to hydrocarbons, ketones, chlorinated solvents and 10% sulphuric acid. They may be used under load at temperature up to 160°C. Uses quoted for these materials include bus engine covers, aircraft landing gear doors, radar domes, domes, ski cores and tennis racket cores. Their potential is in applications demanding a level of heat deformation resistance, solvent resistance and stiffness not exhibited by more well-known cellular polymers such as expanded polystyrene and the polyurethane foams. 

Carbon-fibre-reinforced nylon 6 and nylon 6/12 mixtures have been offered commercially and found use in aerospace md tennis racket applications. 

We just cannot expect situations like golf clubs and tennis rackets for all consumer products because all products do not have those same built-in characteristics of the competitive edge. When we consider a car, we must be realistic and acknowledge that the car must have a price low enough for people to afford. Think back to the days of Henry Ford he made a car that could be sold for about 250, so that everyone could afford to have one. This affordability was the real beauty of his mass-production techniques. Everyone could afford to have a car, and then almost everyone did have one. In contrast, before Henry Ford, only the rich could afford an automobile. As soon as we get to the trade-off where composite materials will effectively compete in the automotive market place, we will see tremendously broader applications, but there are problems along the way. The manufacturing cost must be improved in order for those applications to ever come about. 

Boron itself has been used for over two decades in filament form in various composites BO3/H2 is reacted at 1300° on the surface of a continuously moving tungsten fibre 12/tm in diameter. US production capacity is about 20 tonnes pa and the price in about 80(. The primary use so far has been in military aircraft and space shuttles, but boron fibre composites are also being studied as reinforcement materials for commercial aircraft. At the domestic level they are finding increasing application in golf shafts, tennis rackets and bicycle frames. 

Because people everywhere tend to take their fun seriously, they spend freely on sports and recreational activities. The broad range of properties available from plastics has made them part of all types of sports and recreational equipment for land, water, and airborne activities. Roller-skate wheels are now abrasion- and wear-resistant polyurethane, tennis rackets are molded from specially reinforced plastics (using glass, aramid, graphite, or other fibers), skis are laminated with plastics, and so on. 

The importance of materials science to U.S. competitiveness can hardly be overstated. Key materials science areas underlie virtually every facet of modem life. Semiconductors underpin our electronics industry. Optical fibers are essential for communications. Superconducting materials will probably affect many areas ceramics, composites, and thin films are having a big impact now in transportation, construction, manufacturing, and even in sports—tennis rackets are an example. 

Boron is also used in fabricating many objects. Boron produced as fibers can be added to a resin to give composites that are lighter than aluminum but which have strength comparable to that of steel. These composites are used to make fishing rods, tennis rackets, and so on. 

Hamza Alghamdi was also on Flight 175, and while in the United States he lived at the Delray Beach Racquet Club (Florida) located at 755 Dotteral Road with a few other people. Since this condominium complex hosts the Rod Laver Tennis Academy, they had to get the look worn by others around them so they often carried tennis rackets and carried small bags supposedly for storage of their tennis shoes and street clothes. The three men left the racquet club sometime around September 9, 2001. Hamza was only twenty years old, and looked about seventeen or eighteen. 

Damping systems, vibration and shock absorption in sports equipment, damping of tennis rackets. .. 

Asbestos fibers are found worldwide in many products as reinforcement in cement water pipes and the inert and durable mesh material used in filtration processes of chemicals and petroleum, for example. However, asbestos is not the only inorganic fiber in use today. Synthetic inorganic fibers abound. Glass fibers have replaced copper wire in some intercontinental telephone cables. Fiberglas (a trade name) has become the insulation material of choice in construction. Carbon and graphite fiber composites are favored materials for tennis racket frames and golf clubs. Fibrous inorganic materials have become commonplace in our everyday lives. 

Composite solids include high-strength fiber-reinforced polymers for golf clubs and tennis rackets flexible barriers, such as GoreTex jackets, that repel water droplets, but which permit the passage of air and controlled dmg-release devices, which will be discussed in section 11.4. 

A good design project should match the technological capability with several potential market applications, which can be investigated and explored. Which market would appreciate a very strong and light fiber, and would it be in golf clubs and tennis rackets, in flak jackets for soldiers and police ... 

Explain why graphite/epoxy composites are good materials for making tennis rackets and golf clubs. 

Composites are both ancient and state-of-the-art. According to Ashby s graph (chapter 2) composites such as wood and bone were already used in around 10,000 B.C. In our present-day society we are especially familiar with plastic composites in e.g. surfboards and tennis rackets, with fibre glass used for boats and cars and with the long carbon fibres in a polymer matrix which are applied in aircraft con-... 

Carbon-fibre-reinforced plastic (CRP) is used in die manufacture of golf clubs and tennis rackets, a What are composite materials b Which two substances are used to manufacture this composite material ... 

The achiral objects (teacup, football, tennis racket, and pencil) can be used with equal ease by right- or left-handed persons. Their mirror images are superimposable on the objects themselves. On the other hand, a golf club must be either left- or right-handed and is chiral a shoe will fit a left or a right foot a corkscrew may have a right- or left-handed spiral. These objects, as well as a portrait, have mirror images that are not identical with the objects themselves, and thus they are chiral. 

The data in Figure 9.20 are of particular importance in applications where inertia effects and/or gravity forces should be small, e.g. in ski s, tennis rackets, motorcars, aeroplanes, space vehicles etc. 

Composite materials used in graphite tennis rackets or titanium golf clubs for strength and durability. 

---