Temporal and spatial patterns

Krischer, K. Principles of Temporal and Spatial Pattern Formation in Electrochemical Systems 32... 

These findings are of considerable interest since, as we discuss in detail below, the AUH protein is a protein known to bind to AU-rich motifs in the 3 -untrans-lated region (3 -UTR) of various transcripts, thereby stabilizing them [54—56]. Thus, via their effects on the expression of the AUH protein, lithium and VPA could potentially regulate the temporal and spatial patterns of the expression of multiple genes in the CNS, effects which could potentially underlie their therapeutic effects in an illness as complex as BD. 

Periodic temporal and spatial patterns of Ca2+ signaling give rise to calcium oscillations and waves 384... 

Eerkens, J.W. and Rosenthal, J.S. (2004). Are obsidian subsources meaningful units of analysis temporal and spatial patterning of subsources in the Coso Volcanic Field, southeastern California. Journal of Archaeological Science 31 21-29. 

Cushman, K. E., Tibbitts, T. W., Sharkey, T. D., Wise, R. R. (1995). Constant-light injury of potato Temporal and spatial patterns of carbon dioxide assimilation, starch content, chloroplast integrity, and necrotic lesions. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci., 120,1032-1040. 

Herbst, H., Milani, S., Schuppan, D. Stein. H. (1991) Temporal and spatial patterns of protooncogene expression at early stages of toxic liver injury in the rat. Lab. Invest., 65, 324-333... 

The precise function of most of these genes remains unknown and preliminary studies of their temporal and spatial patterns of expression yield few clues. Several of the /ate embryogenesis abundant (lea) and ABA-responsive (rab) genes are developmental expressed during embryogenesis, and are also expressed in osmotically stressed vegetative... 

Concepts developed in nonlinear dynamics facilitated the classification of nonlinear phenomena in electrochemical systems and revealed the origins of the diversity of temporal and spatial patterns in electrochemical systems. The diversity results on the one hand from the fact that the electrode potential might act as a positive or as a negative feedback variable. On the other hand, it is a consequence of the different kinds of spatial coupling present in an electrochemical cell and of the unique property that the extent of the spatial couplings is influenced by parameters that can be easily manipulated in an experiment. 

The insight into the dynamic nature of ischemic brain lesions has raised growing attention over the past few years. Distinct temporal and spatial patterns of lesion evolution have been described for two types of cerebral ischemia that differ in many pathophysiological aspects namely conditions of focal and global cerebral ischemia. 

On the basis of results obtained from studies in adrenal glomerulosa, vascular smooth muscle and hepatic cells, it is evident that the major effects of All on cell function are mediated via an activation of the calcium messenger system. Furthermore, the data, although far from complete, provide convincing evidence that a temporal and spatial pattern of events underlies hormonal action. 

Smith EM (1998) Coherence of microbial respiration rate and cell-specific bacterial activity in a coastal planktonic community. Aquat Microb Ecol 16 27-35 Smith WO Jr, Nelson DM, DiTullio GR, Leventer AR (1996) Temporal and spatial patterns in the Ross Sea phytoplankton biomass, elemental composition, productivity and growth rates. J Geophys Res 101 18455-18466 Smith WO Jr, Marra J, Hiscock MR, Barber RT (2000) The seasonal cycle of phytoplankton biomass and primary productivity in the Ross sea, Antarctica. Deep-Sea Res II 47 3119-3140... 

Yoshida, K.T., Wada, T., Koyama, H., Mizobuchi-Fukuoka, R., and Naito, S., 1999, Temporal and spatial patterns of accumulation of the transcript of myo-inositol 1-phosphate synthase and phytin-containing particles during seed development in rice. Plant Physiol. 119 65-72. 

Dugdale, R. C., and Wilkerson, P. P. (1989b). New production in the upwelling center at Point Conception, California—Temporal and spatial patterns. Deep Sea Res. 136, 985—1007. 

Molecular biology provides a means for elucidating the ecological function of microorganisms, i.e. by relating temporal and spatial patterns in microbial distribution to N cycling processes. 

As a point of analytical and environmental interest, Hg is more readily measured in natural waters than MMHg. Since the in situ production of MMHg and Hg° is proportional to the supply of reactive mercury, a comprehensive understanding of the aqueous Hg° cycle and its temporal and spatial patterns may provide a means to constrain and improve predictive models for the aquatic and atmospheric biogeochemistry of mercury and MMHg in natural waters. For a sense of the potential geochemical benefits from automated Hg° measurements, the reader is referred to some recent field studies of Hg° (e.g., Lindberg et al., 2000 Amyot et al., 2001 Balcom et al., 2000). 

For chemical stressors, the exposure scenario usually involves consideration of sources, environmental transport, partitioning of the chemical among various environmental media, chemical/biological transformation or speciation processes, and identification of potential routes of exposure (e.g., ingestion). For nonchemical stressors such as water level or temperature changes or physical disturbance, the exposure scenario describes the ecological components exposed and the general temporal and spatial patterns of their co-occurrence with the stressor. For example, for habitat alterations, the exposure scenario may describe the extent and distributional... 

Passafaro M, Piech V, Sheng M. 2001. Subunit-specific temporal and spatial patterns of AMPA receptor exocytosis in hippocampal neurons. Nat. Neurosci. 4 917-26... 

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