Temperature Verification

Heat treatment temperature should be checked by thermocouple pyrometers or other suitable methods to ensure that the Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) requirements are met. 

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Butler B D, Ayton C, Jepps C G and Evans D J 1998 Configurational temperature verification of Monte Carlo simulations J. Chem. Phys. fOS 6519-22... 

FIGURE 7 Documentation example of column oven temperature verification within OQ or holistic PQ protocol. Courtesy of PerkinElmer LAS, Shelton, CT. 

If you desire to have a 0.5% water cut specification, you may do so by replacing RWBBL = (Q1/.99). 01 with RWBBL = (Q1/.995). 005 in the equations shown later. RWBBL is the remaining water in the treated crude oil, bpd. Q1 is the dry crude oil rate, bpd. You shall also need to input another KF factor of, say, 150 in place of the defaulted 170 Kf factor. I recommend that you also have proven field data and back-calculate more precisely and exactly what KF factor value is required for a 0.5% water cut. Actual oil operating test runs should be used. A 1-KF value per water cut is not feasible for all the varied crude oils. The 170 factor used for a 1% water cut is, however, a proven one for crude oils ranging from 12 to over 30°API and for viscosities 15 cP and below at the operating temperature. Verification of this defaulted KF factor, 170, is recommended for your particular case. 

Then, the zirconia sensor should be tested at the normal working conditions for example, examinations of its sensitivity at different temperatures, verification of the work function hysteresis, determination of the measuring concentrations range, and so on. After that, all other metrological characteristics of the sensor have to be... 

Dnims and tanks in the K-Reactor Moderator Storage Areas could burst during freezing temperatures to produce a contaminated moderator release should the heating systems of Building lOS K be out of service of an extend period of time. The consequence to the maximally exposed ofi te individual would not exceed iOO mrem since only a small fraction of the drums and tanks are expected to be affected if at all. However, in order to prevent a release of tritiated moderator to the enviroiunent, freeze protection and builtfing temperature verification procedures should be strictly followed (Ref 9-7). 

The results based on the experimentation are usually of two types studies of the materials on the variation of the thermal and mechanical properties depending on the temperature (characterization tests) or analysis of masonry structural elements of large dimensions subjected to high temperatures (verification tests). 

A rather different method from the preceding is that based on the rate of dissolving of a soluble material. At any given temperature, one expects the initial dissolving rate to be proportional to the surface area, and an experimental verification of this expectation has been made in the case of rock salt (see Refs. 26,27). Here, both forward and reverse rates are important, and the rate expressions are... 

Verification of temperature rise limits (or rated continuous current capacity)... 

This requirement hides an important provision. It not only applies to inspection, measuring, and test equipment but to the measurements that are performed with that equipment. Anywhere you intend performing product verification or monitoring processes you need to ensure that the environmental conditions are suitable. By environmental conditions is meant the temperature, pressure, humidity, vibration, lighting, cleanliness, dust, acoustic noise, etc. of the area in which such measurements are carried out. To avoid having to specify the conditions each time, you need to establish the ambient conditions and write this into your procedures. If anything other than ambient conditions prevail, you may need to assess whether the measuring devices will perform adequately in these conditions. If you need to discriminate between types of equipment, the ones most suitable should be specified in the verification procedures. 

The extraction of water at room temperature as a procedure for the calibration of the Fischer method requires further verification, because the reagent is not specific for water. It would be desirable to compare this calibration procedure with another. In general, agreement in the results of two or more independent calibration procedures might be used as a criterion of the attainment of accuracy. 

Typical questions that need to be answered are whether the CQP-based system is well designed (validity), whether activities (procedures, instructions, completion of registration forms) related to the monitoring system are executed properly (verification), and whether conditions (checking temperatures, concentrations, and other quality attributes) of processes are really achieved (production process verification). 

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