Technological change model

During process development, a model can be developed as soon as a conceptual flow sheet has been formulated. This model can be updated as more information about the process is obtained. Even at an early stage in the project, the model can be used to assess the preliminary economics of the process and the effect of technological changes on these economics. The model can aid in interpreting pilot-plant data and allows the study of many process alternatives. 

Anderson, P. c Tushman, M. L. 1990. Technological discontinuities and dominant designs a cyclical model of technological change. Administrative Science Quarterly, 35 604-633... 

In its simplest terms, our model of the regulation-technological change relationship consists of three basic elements ... 

The conceptual framework developed for this research was valuable as a structuring device and seems to be an accurate description of compliance behavior. We feel that the model articulates most of the important aspects of the regulation-technological change relationship on an individual firm level and should serve as a basis for further empirical research. 

Many traditional economic analyses concluded that the cost of reducing U.S. greenhouse gas emissions to 1990 levels by 2010 would harm the economy and cost jobs, with carbon dioxide (co2) permits costing 60 per metric ton or more, which would raise energy prices by as much as 40 percent. These results made use of top-down economic models that rely on macroeconomic assumptions about how fast technology changes and are thus especially weak in their ability to characterize the effects of technology. Years earlier, most of these same models had wildly overestimated the price of industrial permits to emit sulfur dioxide that would result from the Clean Air Act restrictions, some by a factor of five or more.1... 

Goulder, L. H., and K. Mathai. 2000. Optimal C02 Abatement in the Presence of Induced Technological Change. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 39 1-38. Greene, David L. 1994. "Alternative Vehicle and Fuel Choice Model." ORNL/TM-12738 (October). 

Applicability to This Study. Having proposed a model for understanding the process of technological change, and having analyzed the present shale oil industry through the framework of this model, hopefully now we should be able to articulate the question this study Intends to raise in more precise and succinct terms. 

Intense global competition, rapid technological change, and shifting patterns of world market opportunities compel firms to develop new products and services continually. Superior and differentiated products—those that dehver unique benefits and superior value to the customer—are the key to business success. Understanding the enterprise s core products and services and the value they bring to the customer is essential in developing a business model... 

Chemistr) is often at the forefront of technological change, whethcT the ancient quest to make gold, early models of the atom, or solar cells, bio-based fuels, green chemistr), and the drive (or ( nvironmental sustainability, this reference breaks down the essentials. The Handy Clieniisiry Ansiver Book covers nearly 1,()()() common chemistr) questions, sucii as ... 

Simon expressed the view that the culture drives the behavior and that a culture change is required for success in behavior-based safety. A culture assessment (such as the Simon Open System Culture Change Model) measures the culture process and impacts on the whole of operations —the technology, tmst, leadership, symbols of the culture, et cetera. He also advised that before a behavior-based initiative is undertaken, management leadership must have been established. That s implicit. This factor cannot be overlooked. These are excerpts from Simon s paper titled The Culture Change Model of Behavioral Safety ... 

Innovations trigger technological changes, which may be revolutionary or evolutionary. From our experience, we know that the latter are more common. They are often based on adaptive designs, have shorter gestation periods, have shorter times for market acceptance, and are typically a result of market-pull —something the marketplace demands, i.e., a need exists currently for the product or process. These usually result from a linear model... 

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