Systemic lupus erythematosus genetic factors

Patient-related factors include an increased incidence of allergic reactions to beta-lactams in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (277) but not with atopic diseases (278). Genetic factors that influence drug metabolism and excretion, as well as the underlying disease of the patient and host immune reactivity, are likely to modulate the risk and severity of hypersensitivity reactions. 

Parks CG, Pandey JP, Dooley MA, Treadwell EL, St Clair EW, Gilkeson GS, Feghali-Bostwick CA, Cooper GS (2004b) Genetic polymorphism in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and TNF-beta in a population-based study of systemic lupus erythematosus associations and interaction with the interleukin-1 alpha-889 C/T polymorphism. Hum Immunol, 65 622-631. 

E. Abnormal Immune Responses Abnormal immune responses include hypersensitivity, autoimmunity, and inununodeficiency states. Immediate hypersensitivity is usually antibody-mediated and includes anaphylaxis and hemolytic disease of the newborn delayed hyptersensitiv-ity, associated with extensive tissue damage, is cell-mediated. Autoinununity arises from self-reactive lymphocytes that react to one s own molecules, or self-antigens. Examples of autoimmune diseases that are amenable to dmg treatment include rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. Immunodeficiency states may be genetically acquired (eg, Di George s syndrome) or result from extrinsic factors (eg, AIDS). 

Jacob CO, Hwang F, Lewis GD, Stall AM (1991) Tumor necrosis factor alpha in murine systemic lupus erythematosus disease models implications for genetic predisposition and immune regulation. Cytokine 3 551-561... 

Susceptibility factors Genetic In 50 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus taking azathioprine, the erythrocytic concentrations of thioguanine nucleotides that were associated with clinical responses were lower than the target range established for inflammatory bowel disease [141 ]. 

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