2-sulfoethyl methacrylate

The foregoing methods developed for the preparation and characterization of monodisperse polystyrene latexes to be used as model colloids can also be applied to the characterization of industrial latexes. The recipes used for the preparation of these industrial latexes are complex, and most contain a small amount of a functional monomer, e.g., acrylic acid, 2-sulfoethyl methacrylate, or N-methylolacrylamide. These functional monomers are often predominantly water-soluble, so that their use may have several results (i) the monomer may polymerize in the aqueous phase to form a water-soluble polymer that remains in the serum ... 

Catalytic polymers for atrazine decomposition were also screened [55]. Among the monomers tested, 2-sulfoethyl methacrylate was found to catalyze the conversion of atrazine into a low-toxicity compound atra-ton, and these results significantly contributed to the following detailed experimental plan. 

Both anion and cation hydrocarbon-type exchange membranes (styrene-divinyl-benzene copolymer type) are generally stable in ordinary concentrations of acid solutions (about 40% sulfuric acid, 10% hydrochloric acid, 20% nitric acid, 50% acetic acid) and in alkali solutions such as sodium hydroxide (5%), ammonia (4%), etc.64 However, ion exchange membranes using ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, sulfoethyl methacrylate, and other acrylic and methacrylic esters, are less stable than styrene-divinylbenzene type membranes. 

The reactivity of the neutralized, strong-acid monomers [e.g., sodium styrenesulfonate (32) and 2-sulfoethyl methacrylate (30)] with nonionic monomers also is dependent on the changes in polarity of the system (i.e., dielectric constant, solvation, and hydration) and with solution pH (Table IV for the sodium styrenesulfonate studies). The effect also is evident (39) in the copolymerization of two ionogenic monomers, acrylic acid and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, with different pK values. For acrylic acid, the reactivity ratio is 0.740 0.13 at pH 7 and 1.58 0.15 at pH 2-4. For 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, the reactivity ratio was 0.187 0.09 at pH 7 and 0.111 0.03 at pH 2-4. These studies (39)... 

Propenoic acid, 2-methyl-, 2-sulfoethyl ester. See 2-Sulfoethyl methacrylate 2-Propenoic acid, 2-methyl-, 2-sulfoethyl ester, sodium salt. See Sodium 2-sulfoethyl methacrylate... 

See Sodium thiocyanate Sodium 2-sulfoethyldodecanoate. See Sodium lauroyl isethionate Sodium 2-sulfoethyl methacrylate CAS 1804-87-1... 

Synonyms 2-Propenoic acid, 2-methyl-, 2-sulfoethyl ester, sodium salt 2-Sulfoethyl methacrylate, sodium salt Empirical CeHioOsS Na Properties M.w. 217.20 Uses In copolymer food-contact coatings on metal in coatings for paper/paperboard in contact with aq./fatty foods emulsifier for copolymer coatings on food-grade polyethylene phthalate film Regulatory FDA 21CFR 175.300, 175.320, 176.170, 177.1630... 

Sucrose acetate isobutyrate Sucrose benzoate . Sucrose octaacetate Sulfated peanut oil 2-Sulfoethyl methacrylate Sulfur Synthetic wax Tallamide DEA Tall oil Tall oil acid... 

Sodium silicoaluminate Sodium 2-sulfoethyl, methacrylate Styrene/acrylates copolymer Styrene/MA copolymer... 

Sodium 2-sulfoethyl methacrylate emulsifier, copolymerizable polymer latex 2-Sulfoethyl methacrylate... 

Styrene/butadiene polymer food-contact articles, interior core layer Ethylene/carbon monoxide copolymer food-contact articles, multilaminate Ethylene/carbon monoxide copolymer food-contact coating copolymer, metal Sodium 2-sulfoethyl methacrylate food-contact coatings Glyceryl rosinate Methyl rosinate Pentaerythrityl rosinate food-contact polymers Iron oxides... 

Sodium 2-sulfoethyl methacrylate CeHioOe Gluconolactone CeHioOe Fe (anhyd.)... 

Nevertheless, if the oilfield can be preflushed by fresh water, satisfactory results can be obtained with hydrolyzed polyacrylamides. On the other hand, poly(acrylamide-co-sodium-2-sulfoethyl-methacrylate)... 

Sulfoethyl methacrylate p-Styrene sulfonic acid Vinyl sulfonic acid Amines ... 

The addition of a fugitive acid such as camphorsulfonic acid to styrene polymerizations contaminates the polymer with a substance that could lead to corrosion of equipment being used to process the polymer. To solve this problem, Dow researchers added vinyl functional sulfonic acids (eg, 2-sulfoethyl methacrylate) to the polymerization (175). The acid then becomes copolymerized into the polymer, thus immobilizing it. Also, they found that the addition of as low as 10 ppm... 

Other Sulfonic Acids. Extensive development work has been conducted on acrylic sulfonate-containing monomers. 2-Sulfoethyl methacrylate (SEM) monomer 5Ahas proved to be of limited commercial value owing to the hydrolytic instability of the ester linkage. However, recently well-defined homopolymers of 3-sulfopropyl methacrylate (SPMA) were prepared under aqueous RAFT conditions with 4-cyanopentanoic acid dithiobenzoate and V-501 as the CTA/initiator pair at 70°C (39). This same hydrolytic instability has been a serious problem with 3-sulfo-2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate. In contrast, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPSA) 6A, prepared by the reactions of SO3 with isobutylene followed by the Ritter reaction with acrylonitrile (134), is quite hydrolytically stable. 

For example, an artificial enzyme for the decomposition of atrazine (a herbicide) was synthesized by polymerizing 2-sulfoethyl methacrylate and methyl acrylate in chloroform in the presence of atrazine as template (see Figure 9) [11]. When the obtained artificial enzyme was added to the solution of atrazine together with methanol, the atrazine was efficiently decomposed to nontoxic atraton. 

Here, the sulfoethyl group as the catalytic site activates the methanol and promotes the nucleophilic substitution at the atrazine. Consistently, catalytic activities were far smaller when the polymerization of 2-sulfoethyl methacrylate and methyl acrylate was achieved in the absence of the template. Furthermore, upon polymerizing only methyl acrylate in the absence of 2-sulfoethyl methacrylate, the resultant polymer-bound atrazine but showed no catalytic activity for its decomposition. Apparently, the binding sites were sufficiently formed in the polymers but they are not sufficient to decompose atrazine efficiently. 

Not only acrylic esters that have intermediate solubility in water due to additional hydroxy or amino groups can be polymerized in water, but also conventional acrylic monomers with a relatively low water solubility (MMA 15g/L at room temperature) [36] can be polymerized in water. Acrylate monomers of intermediate solubility in water, such as hydroxyalkyl acrylates and methacrylates or aminoalkyl acrylates or methacrylates, undergo free-radical polymerization with a variety of initiator systems. Both monomer classes have been reviewed in the literature [37]. Highly soluble monomers such as 2-sulfoethyl methacrylates or the corresponding alkali salts are easily polymerized to high molar mass by hydrogen peroxide in aqueous solution [38]. Anionic initiation has been accomplished in a variety of solvents, both polar and nonpolar. 

Blends of PMMA with various additives and copolymers of methyl methacrylate with 2-sulfoethyl methacrylate (2-SEM) are discussed in this paper. Blends of transition metal salts and PMMA were prepared by dissolving the salt in a suitable solvent and combining this with a PMMA solution in chloroform. Homogeneous blends were obtained after evaporation of the solvents. The blend of Nafion-H and PMMA was obtained by pouring a chloroform solution of PMMA onto Nafion-H film and drying at room temperature. The copolymers were obtained by standard techniques. 

---