Step 2 Define Requirements

In Step 2, the Design Team should consider each listed issue. Where possible, Design Team members, by consensus, should make decisions regarding issues. In many cases, an issue resolution is not known. If its priority is high, it then becomes a requirement to address quickly in an improvement effort. Out of these requirements evolves an agenda for the supply chain project. This agenda is expressed in terms of issues to address 

Handbook of Supply Chain Management, Second Edition 

Note A an issue that should go into the initial plan B an issue with a need to gather information and put into the plan now C an issue requiring further research to be placed into the plan later and D no action needed on this issue. Monitor the situation for future developments 

Concurrent with issue development, the Design Team should collect basic information about the supply chain. To the extent possible, the Design Team should associate specific issues with their position in flowcharts of supply chain processes. 

Extended product design Supply chain design 

What is the scope of the market — domestic, international Are there differences in the characteristics of these markets  

What is the manufecturing cost of representative products, including all factory overheads  

Is any engineering duplicative Is the wheel being reinvented Are design resources deployed to maximize commercial potential  

What non-monetary benefits do we offer Time to market Avoided investment Areas of expertise  

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Most human or environmental healtli hazards can be evaluated by dissecting tlie analysis into four parts liazard identification, dose-response assessment or hazard assessment, exposure assessment, and risk characterization. For some perceived healtli liazards, tlie risk assessment might stop with tlie first step, liazard identification, if no adverse effect is identified or if an agency elects to take regulatory action witliout furtlier analysis. Regarding liazard identification, a hazard is defined as a toxic agent or a set of conditions that luis the potential to cause adverse effects to hmnan health or tlie environment. Healtli hazard identification involves an evaluation of various forms of information in order to identify the different liaz.ards. Dose-response or toxicity assessment is required in an overall assessment responses/cffects can vary widely since all chemicals and contaminants vary in their capacity to cause adverse effects. This step frequently requires that assumptions be made to relate... 

This led to the conclusion that these amino acids were essential for the resolution capability and only 6 new libraries of 18 compounds had to be synthesized with these amino acid residues to define the position 3. Surprisingly, the separation abilities of all six libraries were very similar. Therefore, tyrosine was chosen for continuing deconvolution, since it is convenient as its aromatic ring can easily be detected by UV spectrometry. The last step, defining position 5, required the synthesis and testing of 6 individual hexapeptides. 

The quantum levels of an electron bound to an atom are cmdely analogous to the gravitational potential energies available to a ball on a staircase. As illustrated in Figure 7-12. a ball may sit on any of the steps. If we define the top of the steps to be 5" = 0, the ball has a negative potential energy when it is on any of the lower steps. To move a ball from the bottom of the staircase to step 5 requires the addition of a specific amount of energy,... 

An interesting novel approach to the synthesis of (metallo)dendrimer catalysts could be the use of random hyperbranched polymers [38]. Obviously, these hyperbranched polymers have comparable but less defined structures, but to arrive at dendrimers with similar sizes, a larger number of preparative steps are required, which may be an economic disadvantage. Furthermore, materials involving heterogeneous supports with well-defined metallodendritic subunits [15] can be a promising future direction giving rise to new types of supramolecu-lar catalysts that can easily be recovered from production streams. 

What remains is to relate the surface potential to activation potentials for the adsorption/desorption reaction steps. Defining the activation potentials as iji, ijjf for the activation required to overcome the EDL potential for the adsorption, desorption steps, respectively, allows the intrinsic rate constants to be directly related to the rate constants k, k (4), i.e.,... 

The growing commercial availability and relative affordability of cDNA microarrays combined with well-defined protocols for hybridization has made functional genomics a reality for many laboratories. However microarray experiments produce massive quantities of gene expression and functional genomics data, the analysis of which is complicated and involves many steps, each requiring careful consideration. 

The newly developed Green Hydropower criteria in turn related to the mitigation of local impacts from hydropower plants while putting them into an operational context. As a first step, "basic requirements" were defined along two dimensions (see Table 1) ... 

The restricted step method requires the two parameters A and X to be defined. Various numerical tests have been suggested for varying the trust region size A depending upon the quality of the quadratic surfaces [9,37,38]. 

There is an additional difference of great importance between P and a, which is often overlooked. The way in which P is defined requires that the sum of the symmetry factors in the anodic and cathodic directions be unity if it is P for the cathodic reaction, it must be 1 - P for the anodic reaction, and vice versa. The same is not true with respect to the transfer coefficient. To begin with, a is a parameter obtained from experiment. One therefore must find its value, not decide what it should be. When we wish to write a rate equation, such as Eq. 35E, for a multi-step reaction, the correct form will be... 

A related issue is that while microdialysis is a continuous process, it is coupled to an analytical separation step that requires discrete sample volumes. Individual samples can be collected off-line with a fraction collector and assayed later (Fig. 3). The temporal resolution is defined by the time interval at which the microdialysis samples are collected. Without the need for further sample cleanup, the temporal resolution for off-line analysis will ultimately be dependent on the perfusion rate and the volume of sample needed for quantitation. If the analytical method does not have sufficient limits of detection, larger sample volumes must be collected, decreasing the temporal resolution of the method. 

Similar to photolithography, subsequent processing steps are required to define features. For this reason, j,CP is also typically limited to the fabrication of electrodes in bottom-contact OTFTs. The subsequent processing steps can be classified into three categories selective etching [29,33-35], selective electroless plating [36-39], and selective chemical and electrochemical polymerization [40-43]. Depending on... 

An example of the two-step approach required by the FHSA may be helpful in understanding the design of the Act. The term irritant is defined in Section 2(j) as ... 

Although all three of these steps are required in order to say that a property has been reduced, one only has to be able to perform the first step in order to claim that a property is reducible (Kim 2005 164-5). The first step in functional reduction is giving a functional definition for the property that is being reduced. This amounts to a priori defining property M as the property that performs (or is able to perform) causal task C. One must be able to perform the eonceptual task of reinterpreting the property in terms of its causal role (Kim 2005 164). What is significant about Kim s first step of giving a functional definition, and what differentiates this sort of reduction fi om empirical definitions such as water = H20, is that the property is defined by its causal task a priori. This is a conceptual task that we do before we look to science for any empirical data. 

For each defined emergency scenario, the team must i. Review the emergency tasks and remove any steps not required to meet the definition of a safe state (Section 4.a). 

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