Stem rot

Choi H, Chung I, Sin MH, Kim YS, Sim J, Kim J, Kim KD, Chun S (2007) The effect of spent mushroom sawdust compost mixes, calcium cyanamide and solarization on basal stem rot of the cactus Hylocereus trigonus caused by Fusarium oxysporum. Crop Prot 26 162-168. doi 10.1016/j.cropro.2006.04.017... 

Applications of Fertilizers for Control of Rice Diseases. In general, the application of fertilizers cannot be relied upon to solve all our major rice disease problems however, the application of properly balanced fertilizers reduces the severity of certain major diseases. Work on stem rot (Leptosphaeria salvinii Catt.) in Arkansas (3) and Japan (26) shows that the severity of stem rot can be reduced by increasing the potassium levels of soils in the problem areas. In Arkansas it has been shown that the application of nitrogenous fertilizer significantly increases stem rot severity, whereas the application of potassium fertilizer alone or in combination with nitrogenous fertilizers decreases stem rot severity. Consequently, in Arkansas the application of potassium fertilizer is widely practiced for stem rot control. 

A. Too many Whitefly is a big problem for greenhouse grown plants. Aphids, slugs, caterpillars, thrips, spider mites, and scale insects can also damage your plants. Root rot and stem rot can be problems. Fungal spots can appear in leaves. It is not known which plant viruses attack Salvia divinorum but many attack other sages. 

Some growers report that Salvia branches that break off spontaneously in summer are more likely to root successfully than those deliberately cut. Rooting in water outdoors may decrease the chance of stem rot occurring, apparently the UV light in unfiltered sunlight acts to kill germs or fimgi in the water. 

Avcock, R., Stem rot and other diseases caused by Sclerotium rolfsii, N.C. Aerie. Exp. Sta. Tech. Bull., 174, 1966, 202 pp. 

Stems with soft, water-soaked spots. Cause Stem rot. Both bacterial and fungal infections can cause begonia stems to rot. If you catch the stem spots when they are small, try cutting them out with a razor blade or sharp knife. Remove and destroy seriously... 

Plant wilts stems rot at soil level. Cause Fungal or bacterial rots. Pinks are susceptible to various diseases that cause plants to wilt suddenly or to rot at or below the soil surface. This is especially true of plants growing in wet or poorly drained soil or in crowded conditions. Prevent problems by planting in well-drained sites, and avoid overwatering and overcrowding keep mulch away from stem bases. Remove and destroy infected plants do not compost diseased materials. If the probiem is serious, solarize the soil before replanting a site. 

Stems blacken at base leaves wilt plant falls over. Causes Wilts stem rots. Many destructive fungi live in soil and will attack plants at soil level. Plants may wilt suddenly or yellow and wilt slowly. Stems and roots may turn black mold may appear. Discolored, water-soaked lesions girdle stems plants gradually die. Poorly drained, overly wet soil promotes wilt and rot choose well-drained sites and add organic matter to improve drainage. Avoid overwatering and overcrowding keep mulch away from the base of stems. Remove and destroy infected plants wash tools used around diseased plants. 

Stems rot at base. Cause Crown rot. Crowded plants are most susceptible to this fungal disease. Leaves and stems turn brown at the base, foliage turns yellow, and black spores may appear on stems. White or brown mold may be present. Rhizomes may also rot. Dig and divide iris clumps every few years to avoid overcrowding. Plant in well-drained soil. Avoid damaging crowns when cultivating keep winter mulch away from crowns. 

Leaves turn yellow, wilt, and Call off stem rotted at soil line. Cause Southern blight. White to pink fungal growth may spread over the soil around the base of infected plants. Severely infected plants die. Destroy infected plants and dig out and dispose of the top few inches of soil within 6" of the stem. Adding lots of compost to the soil helps prevent this disease. 

Stems with rotted sections leaves wilt. Cause Stem rot. This fungal disease starts at the base of plants and works upward. It commonly affects cuttings, but can also injure full-grown plants. Stems often turn black. Only take cuttings from healthy plants, and stick... 

Leaves yellow between veins. Causes Stem rot Fusarium wilt. Symptoms of stem rot, also known as bacterial soft rot, usually appear when temperatures are above 90°F Leaves turn yellow, vines wilt, and the base of stems are black and shiny. Destroy diseased plants. Roots may already be rotted or will rot in storage, so use any healthy potatoes as soon as possible. Prevent problems by planting disease-free plants or tolerant cultivars such as Goldmar . 

Stems turn black at base plant wilts. Cause Stem rot. Caused by either bacteria or fungi, stem rot starts at the soil level and works upward. Remove and destroy infected plants. Don t replant marigolds in that area unless you solarize the soil. 

Sclerotiiim, 426 stem (see Stem rot) of trees, shrubs, and vines, 238 Rotation of crops. See Crop rotation Rotenone, 481-82 Roundheaded appletree borers, 26, 318,318... 

Fungi also cause a number of plant and animal diseases. Because fungi are more chemically and genetically similar to animals than other organisms, fungal diseases are very difficult to treat. Plant diseases caused by fungi include rusts, smuts, and leaf, root, and stem rots, and may cause severe damage... 

Heinlein, M., Kumar, J., Nambiar, V., Kaitetara, T. and Kashyap, D.M. (1984) Yaqona Pests and Diseases Wilt and Stem Rot Control in Yaqona, Annual Research Report for 1983, Department of Agriculture, Suva, Fiji, pp. 51—52. 

Nitrapyrin (7), 2-chloro-6-trichloromethylpyridine, is actually a nitrification inhibitor, slowing down the conversion of ammonium-nitrogen into nitrate. It has a selective bactericidal effect against Nitrosomonas spp. (Goring, 1%2). However, it has been observed that nitrapyrin reduces the stem rot of maize and cereals. In... 

The reduction of stem rot by nitrapyrin may be similar (Anonym, 1975). Nitrapyrin reduces to a greater extent the oxalic acid and nitrate-nitrogen content of plants than inhibitors hitherto known (dicyanodiamine, thiourea, o-nitroaniline) (Jurkowska, 1974). 

Ezomycin, effective against Sclerotinia and Botrytis spp., is obtained from Streptomyces cultures. In Japan it has been used against the stem rot of kidney bean (Sakata et a/., 1974). 

Hartman, G.L. M.E. Gardner T. Hymowitz G.C. Naidoo. Evaluation of perennial Glycine species for resistance to soybean fungal pathogens that cause Sclerotenia stem rot and sudden death syndrome. Crop Sci. 2000, 4, 545-549. 

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