Fungal pathogen

After this, we demonstrated the ability of wheat anionic POs to bind to the chitin of the cell walls of fungal pathogens. We called these POs "chitin-binding POs" (Maksimov et al., 2003). We were the first to demonstrate the binding of the anionic PO of wheat root to chitin (Maksimov et al., 1994). Besides this, we observed that in some species the activity of POs was increased in the unbound Armoracia rustkana, Lagenaria siceraria) or eluted Pisum sativum, Galega orientalis, Brassica oleraceae) fractions of proteins after interaction with chitin. 

Khairullin R. M. Yusupova Z. R. Maksimov 1. V. (2000) Protective responses of wheat treated with fungal pathogens 1. Interaction of wheat anionic peroxidases s with chitin, chitosan, and thelyospores of Tilletia caries / / Rus. J of plant physiology. V. 47. N. 1. P. 97-102. 

Figure 1. Transverse section of barley leaf epidermal cells taken perpendicular to the long axis of the cells and anticlinal to the leaf surface. The section has been labeled by the EMSIL technique (see Methods) utilizing purified C. sativus endopolygalacturonase and monoclonal antibody EPG-4, which is specific for this enzyme, in order to localize the substrate of the enzyme at the typical site penetrated by the fungal pathogen. Bar = 1 pm. Inset Comparable cell wall region as in Fig. 1 but labeled with monoclonal antibody JIM 5 to localize non-esterified pectin. Bar = 1 pm. Note the identical labeling patterns obtained with either method.

Differentiate epidemiologic differences and host risk factors for acquisition of primary and opportunistic invasive fungal pathogens. 

What is the most likely endemic fungal pathogen based on this patient s history ... 

Candida species are the most common opportunistic fungal pathogens encountered in hospitals, ranking as the third to fourth most common cause of nosocomial bloodstream infections in United States Hospitals.18 The incidence of nosocomial candidiasis has increased steadily since the early 1980s, with the widespread use of central venous catheters, broad-spectrum antimicrobials, and other advancements in the supportive care... 

Patients receiving central PN are at increased risk of developing infectious complications caused by bacterial and fungal pathogens.1,50 Infections maybe related to placement of a central venous catheter, contamination of a central venous catheter or... 

Maquelin, K. Kirschner, C. Choo-Smith, L. P. Ngo-Thi, N. A. van Vreeswijk,T. Stammler, M. Endtz, H. P. Bruining, H. A. Naumann, D. Puppels, G. J. Prospective study of the performance of vibrational spectroscopies for rapid identification of bacterial and fungal pathogens recovered from blood cultures. J. Clin. Microbiol. 2003,41, 324-329. 

Some strains have been used as a medicinal product to treat dysentery and other intestinal problems, and as a pesticide to control plant diseases and fungal pathogens. 

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