Stem cells preservation

Based on our own data and the literature data we can rather draw the conclusion that in long-term heterochronic systems the mature elements, originated from the old organism, dominate and their influences were found to be active. But even in old organism, the stem cells do preserve their restorative potential and become capable of generating cells with young characteristics under appropriate conditions. And the question about reverse impacts of stem cells on old organism (so called rejuvenation effect) remains uncertain and till now unresolved and needs further research. 

Comparison of clinical studies using bone marrow and blood-derived cells after acute myocordian infarction to prevent the development of heart failure. Currently, bone marrow-derived stem cells show greater potential to treat early-stage disease, primarily owing to their angiogenic potential, leading to improved left ventricle protection and ultimately to better preserved function. 

Therapeutic strategies do not aim alone at preservation of lesioned tissue but also at functional restitution after completed stroke. There are two principle approaches to the latter (i) mechanisms of brain plasticity and (ii) regeneration based on stem cell implantation. 

Anti-glycating effects. It was shown in 1990 that camosine (50-100 mg/kg body weight) increases survival of rodents when it was administered to animals before sub-lethal dose of y-irradiation [5]. Kurella et al. [58] have found that under these conditions viability of haemopoietic stem cells is significantly increased and their colony forming activity is activated as well. These phenomena can be addressed to anti-radical protection of biomacromolecules by camosine, however camosine was additionally found to protect nuclear DNA from oxidative modification induced by hyperoxia, to preserve its native stmcture and to synchronize cell cycle in vitro [59]. Its addition to the medium where fibroblasts were cultivated increased the longevity of cell life and reversed the senescence features of the cells [60]. Moreover, camosine was demonstrated to increase stability of... 

Based on comparative studies of the relative gonadal toxicity of several antineoplastic agents in experimental models and humans, the vinca alkaloids vinblastine and vincristine have negligible potency for killing stem cells. Permanent recovery of sperm counts and preserved ovarian function, depending on the patient s age at the time of... 

Cardiac cell therapy consists of transplanting cells into the infarcted area of the myocardium to increase or preserve the number of cardiomyocytes, improve vascular supply and increase contractile function. There are different types of regenerating cells with the capacity to proliferate and differentiate into functional cardiomyocytes. These include embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells. 

Stem cells are prevented from differentiating by specific controls. A high level of (i-catenin, a component of the Wnt signaling pathway, has been implicated in preserving stem cells in the skin and intestine by directing cells toward division rather than differentiation states. 

Sometimes, it is desired to put the microbes in a state of suspended animation from which they can recover. Common baker s yeast is commercially available in dry form, and will be reactivated when mixed with warm water. Cattle sperm are fast frozen at cryogenic temperatures and thawed for artificial breeding. Human tissues such as corneas are frozen as well, in order to be preserved for later use. There is interest in preserving human stem cells by drying. If successful, the stem cells could be used therapeutically to cure wounds and diseases. 

In multicellular hosts, the stem cell compartments preserved most of the faculties of the ancient RNA/DNA complex. The healthy stem cells RNA/DNA complex serves its multicellular host in its ontogenesis (in fertized egg cells, in the larvae, pupae and nymphs, or in the embryo). The pluripotent and asymmetrically dividing... 

The stem cell practices self-preservation by dividing asymmetrically in almost unlimited numbers of divisions, with the release of a somatic daughter cell on each occasion. Since stem cells are singularly distributed in the parenchyma, they must build up that daughter cell within their nucleus and cytoplasm from nutrients received by difiiision unless, there are special stem cell compartments (in the Lieberkuhn ciypts in the gut), where stem cells may receive blood supply. In contrast, the differentiated somatic cells of the multicellular hosts are allowed only a limited number of cell divisions. The somatic cells of the multicellular host are instmeted to leave their chromosome ends uncapped after each mitosis. This is in contrast to many extant free-living, or parasitic unicellular life forms, which diligently recap their chromosomal ends after each of their divisions Trypanosoma... 

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