Stearic acid, calcium salt

Calcium Stearate (Octadecanoic acid calcium salt or Stearic acid calcium salt). 

Calcium distearate HyQual stearic acid, calcium salt calcium octadecanoate octadecanoic acid, calcium salt. 

Calcium stearate Stearic acid, calcium salt 1592-23-0... 

Synonyms Calcium distearate Calcium octadecanoate Octadecanoic acid calcium salt Stearic acid, calcium salt Classification Aliphatic organic compd. 

Stearic acid, calcium salt. See Calcium stearate Stearic acid, cetyl ester. See Cetyl stearate Stearic acid, cetyl/stearyl ester. See Cetearyl stearate... 

Hexadecanoic acid, butyl ester Octadecanoic acid, butyl ester Stearic acid, calcium salt 2-Oxohexamethyleneimine 2-Hydroxy-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone... 

Stearic acid, aluminum salt. See Aluminum tristearate Aluminum stearate Stearic acid amide. See Stearamide Stearic acid, ammonium salt. See Ammonium stearate Stearic acid, calcium salt. See Calcium stearate Stearic acid, cetyl ester. See Cetyl stearate Stearic acid, cetyl/stearyl ester. See Cetearyl stearate Stearic acid, chimyl ester. See Chimyl stearate Stearic acid, compd. with 2,2, 2"-nitrilotriethanol (1 1). See TEA-stearate Stearic acid, compd. wHh 1,r,1"-nitrilotri-2-propanol (1 1). See TIPA-stearate Stearic acid, dextrin ester. See Dextrin stearate Stearic acid, diester wHh diglycerol. See Polyglyceryl-2 distearate Stearic acid diethanolamide. See Stearamide DEA Stearic acid ester wHh lactate of lactic acid calcium salt. See Calcium stearoyi lactylate... 

Calcium stearyl-2-lactylate Calcium stelate Octadecanoic acid, 2-(1-carboxyethoxy)-1-methyl-2-oxoethyl ester, calcium salt Stearic acid ester with lactate of lactic acid calcium salt... 

Stearic acid, dodecyl ester. See Lauryl stearate Stearic acid ester with lactate of lactic acid calcium salt. See Calcium stearoyl lactylate Stearic acid, ester with lactic acid bimol. ester, sodium salt. See Sodium stearoyl lactylate Stearic acid, ethylenediamine diamide. See Ethylene distearamide Stearic acid, ethyl ester. See Ethyl stearate Stearic acid, 2-ethylhexyl ester. See Octyl stearate... 

Apart from wetting agents, the original formulation (either powder or suspension) may contain additives to improve the adhesion by virtue of their tackiness. Such additives are called sticking agents. For example, DDT formulations may contain stearic acid, calcium stearate, paraffin wax, or other such components. Various oils as well as elastomeric copolymers of natural or synthetic materials—particularly butylene or isobutylene polymers with molecular weights of 200,000 to 300,000—can be used for this purpose also used are the Li, Zn, Ca, Al, and Cd salts of fatty acids. 

Metallic stearates, or soaps, are metal salts of organic acids like stearic acid. Calcium and zinc stearates are commonly used, although aluminum, iron, lead, lithium, magnesium, sodium, nickel, and potassium stearates are sometimes found in plastics. Stearates are most commonly used in thermoset polyester molding compounds, but calcium stearate has been used as a lubricant and release agent in polypropylene and ABS. Zinc and sodium stearates are used in polystyrene, SAN, and nylon. Stearates are not recommended for polycarbonate because of discoloration. Recommended loadings are usually 1 percent or less, but up to 5 percent has been used at times. 

Zinc oxide is a common activator in mbber formulations. It reacts during vulcanization with most accelerators to form the highly active zinc salt. A preceding reaction with stearic acid forms the hydrocarbon-soluble zinc stearate and Hberates water before the onset of cross-linking (6). In cures at atmospheric pressure, such as continuous extmsions, the prereacted zinc stearate can be used to avoid the evolution of water that would otherwise lead to undesirable porosity. In these appHcations, calcium oxide is also added as a desiccant to remove water from all sources. 

The most commonly used stabilizers are barium, cadmium, zinc, calcium and cobalt salts of stearic acid phosphorous acid esters epoxy compounds and phenol derivatives. Using stabilizers can improve the heat and UV light resistance of the polymer blends, but these are only two aspects. The processing temperature, time, and the blending equipment also have effects on the stability of the products. The same raw materials and compositions with different blending methods resulted in products with different heat stabilities. Therefore, a thorough search for the optimal processing conditions must be done in conjunction with a search for the best composition to get the best results. 

Sodium stearoyl lactylate (and the similar calcium stearoyl lactylate) is made by combining lactic acid and stearic acid, and then reacting the result with sodium hydroxide or calcium hydroxide to make the sodium or calcium salt. 

Some of the more common antifrictional agents are listed in Table 10. Many of these are hydrophobic and may consequently affect the release of medicament. Therefore, lubricant concentration and mixing time should be kept to the absolute minimum. Lubricants may also reduce significantly the mechanical strength of the tablet (see Fig. 12) [29,81]. Stearic acid and its magnesium and calcium salts are widely used, but the... 

Calcium, magnesium, and zinc salts of stearic acid... 

An explosion occurred during blending and screening operations on a mixture of lead azide and 0.5% of calcium stearate. If free stearic acid were present as impurity in the calcium salt, free hydrogen azide may have been involved. 

Soaps are composed of sodium salts of various fatty acids. These acids include those with the general structure CH3-(CH2) -COOH where n = 6 (caprylic acid), 8 (capric acid), 10 (lauric acid), 12 (myristic acid), 14 (palmitic acid), and 16 (stearic acid). Oleic acid (CH3-(CH2)7-CH=CH-(CH2)7-COOH) and linoleic acid (CH3-(CH2)4-CH=CH- H2-CH=CH-(CH2)7-COOH) are also common soap ingredients. These sodium salts readily dissolve in water, but other metal ions such as Ca2+ and Mg2+ form precipitates with the fatty acid anions. For example, the dissolution of the sodium salt of lauric acid and the subsequent formation of a precipitate of the lauric acid anion with calcium ion is given by... 

The saponified fatty acids which are used are most often palmitic, stearic or oleic acid but the way in which they confer a hydrophobic nature to the surface of the ink particle is not well understood. If enough calcium ions are present (and these sometimes need to be added to the system) insoluble calcium salts of the fatty acids are probably produced and these may coat the surface of the print particle making it hydrophobic. The ink particle then adheres to an air bubble and can be floated out of the stock. The saponified fatty acids are often called collectors —a term which comes from mineral flotation. 

Addition of dampproofers based on caprylic, capric or stearic acids, stearates or wax emulsions do not have any effect on the setting characteristics of hydration products of Portland cement. However, the unsaturated fatty acid salts, such as oleates, although not affecting the tricalcium silicate hydration, have a marked effect on the ettringite and monosulfate reaction [12] and this is illustrated in the isothermal calorimetry results in Fig. 4.4. It is possible that a calcium oleoaluminate hydrate complex is formed involving the double bond of the oleic acid. 

Dry coating is extensively used with fatty acid treatment of natural calcium carbonates. The challenge is to convert as much as possible of the coating to a bound surface layer, with as little unbound salt and remaining free acid as possible. There is little scientific literature on this procedure but some useful studies have been made[51,64]. A number of different methods are employed. In most cases, unless a small amount of solvent is used, it is necessary for the procedure to be carried out at a temperature where the fatty acid blend is molten. With stearate mixtures this is about 80 °C. Some fatty acids such as iso-stearic acid have the advantage of being liquid at room temperature, but are not widely used as they are more expensive. 

Sodium, potassium, and calcium salts of ascorbic acids are called ascorbates and are used as food preservatives. These salts are also used as vitamin supplements. Ascorbic acid is water-soluble and sensitive to light, heat, and air. It passes out of the body readily. To make ascorbic acid fat-soluble, it can be esterified. Esters of ascorbic acid and acids, such as palmitic acid to form ascorbyl palmitate and stearic acid to form ascorbic stearate, are used as antioxidants in food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. 

Melamine resins are used from this group of thermosets for the manufacture of food contact materials. The melamine can be used in mixtures with urea and in some applications with phenol (< 1 %). The polymerization process is catalyzed in the presence of organic acids (e.g. acetic acid, lactic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid), hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, sodium and potassium hydroxide, ammonia, calcium or magnesium hydroxide as well as salts of these substances (total < 1 %) which cause the elimination of water and lead to a cured resin system. Stearic acid can be used as a lubricant as can zinc, calcium and magnesium salts, esters of montanic acid with ethandiol and 1,3-butandiol, as well as silicone oil (total < 1 %). 

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