States and national government

There are a number of major, international manufacturers of coagulant and flocculant polymers whose primary markets are high-volume users (i.e., cities, states, and national governments). There are also many smaller regional manufacturers who tend to specialize in niche markets and produce various polymer blends (organic polymers blended with various ratios of inorganic coagulants such as ACH, PAC, and alum). These polymer blends are particularly useful in industrial facilities where process contamination and difficult clarification problems may exist. 

In addition, the decreasing scientific hteracy among the U.S. general pubhc, in the national media, and in state and federal government raises concerns over the society s ability to assess and balance technological risks and rewards objectively, and to put them in perspective with other needs. 

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has established National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for protection of human health and welfare. These standards are defined in terms of concentration and hme span for a specific pollutant for example, the NAAQS for carbon monoxide is 9 ppmV for 8 hr, not to be exceeded more than once per year. For a state or local government to establish compliance with a National Ambient Air Quality Standard, measurements of the actual air quality must be made. To obtain these measurements, state and local governments have established stationary monitoring networks with instrumentation complying with federal specifications, as discussed in Chapter 14. The results of these measurements determine whether a given location is violating the air quality standard. 

The national templates have been accepted by the major SDOs and CDOs in the United States, the FreedomCAR and Fuel Partnership, key industry associations, and many state and local governments as the guideposts for the coordinated development of standards and model codes. All of the relevant major SDOs and CDOs in the United States are part of this national effort the ANSI, ASME, American Society of Testing and Materials (ASTM),... 

Set national policy and establish guidelines for state and local governments... 

In addition to recommendations for seawater and seafood testing, shellfish control authorities , which are entities of state or national governments, have the responsibility to determine the risks associated with specific shellfishharvesting waters based on the presence of natural toxins. As a result of routine monitoring, harvesting of seafood from these areas may be limited to certain times of the year or to specific environmental conditions. 

On January 25, 2000, die committee referred to in Article 19 of IPPC Directive gave a favorable opinion of a draft Commission Decision on die implementation of a European Pollutant Emission Register. The Commission Decision (2000/479/EC), to be referred to as die EPER Decision, was adopted on July 17, 2000. According to the EPER Decision, member states shall report to the Commission on emissions into ah and water from all individual facilities widi one or more activities as mentioned in Annex I to the IPPC Directive. The provided data will be made publicly accessible and disseminated on the Internet. Specifically, EPER is a publicly accessible register with emission data diat enables the Commission and national governments to monitor the trends in annual emissions of large industrial activities covered by Annex I of the IPPC Directive (Commission Decision, 2000). 

The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) is the principal fact-finding agency for the Federal Government in the field of labor economics and statistics. It is an independent national statistical agency that collects, processes, analyzes and disseminates statistical data to the American public, U.S. Congress, other federal agencies, state and local governments, business and labor. The BLS also serves as a statistical resource to the Department of Labor. 

In 1989 the National Hydrogen Association (NHA) formed in the United States with ten members. Today, the NHA has nearly 100 members, including representatives from the automobile and aerospace industries, federal, state and local governments, and energy providers. 

Canada has a system that is intermediate between the EU regulatory system (which is intended to be, at least ultimately, based on directives and/or regulations from the EC) and the U.S. system (where codes and standards are both developed by private companies and can be adopted, or not, by the various state and local governments). The National Building Code (NBC) of Canada can be different from provincial building codes, and standards are issued by private companies. 

In Australia, OH S laws are developed by individual States and Territories. Therefore, each State and Territory government has adopted the Hazardous Substances National Model Regulations into its own OH S regulations. 

The National Disaster Response Framework includes emergency management authorities, policies, procedures, and resources of local, state, and federal governments, as well as voluntary disaster relief agencies, the private sector, and international resources to provide assistance following a disaster. 

The data presented in weather maps are relevant to chemical transport both at the local scale, where local weather governs atmospheric mixing, and at the regional scale, where synoptic-scale circulation governs the long-range transport of chemicals across state and national boundaries. 

The role of the federal government with respect to the regulation of municipal landfills is to set minimum national standards for states and local governments and to evaluate and monitor the effectiveness of state and local agencies in managing solid waste facilities. It is the responsibility of state and local governments to implement and enforce the national standards and the needs of the local community. 

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