National Efforts

Interception of data is a significant offense that is a precursor to cyber crime and cyber terrorism. The Cybercrime Convention defines interception as  

Listening to, monitoring or surveillance of the content of communications, to theprocuring of the content of data either directly, through access and use of thecomputer system, or indirectly, through the use of electronic eavesdropping ortapping devices.  

Australia adopted the Telecommunications (Interception and Access) Act in 1979. Section 7(1) provides that a persrai must not intercept, authorize, suffer or permit another person to intercept or do any act or thing that will enable him or her or another person to intercept a communication passing over a telecommunications system. An important provision is Section 108 (1), which provides that an offence is committed if a person, with intent and knowledge, accesses a stored communication or authorizes, suffers or permits another person to access a stored communication or does any act or thing fliat will enable them or another person to access a stored communication, where the intended recipient of the stored communication or the person who sent the stored communication had no knowledge of the offender s act. 

In Canada, a BUl was introduced in Parliament in 2005 aimed at introducing reforms to the legislative structure concerned with the unlawful interception of documents and communications. In the absence of specific legislation, parallels may be found in Canada s criminal legislation. For example. Section 184(1) of the 

Canadian Criminal Code provides that an agent of the State may intercept, by means of any electromagnetic, acoustic, mechanical or other device, a private communication if either the originator of the private communication or the person intended by the originator to receive it has consented to the interception, or the agent of the State believes on reasonable grounds that there is a risk of bodily harm 

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Directs national efforts to meet air quality goals, particularly for smog, air toxics, carbon monoxide, lead, particulate matter (soot and dust), sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen dioxide. The office is responsible for more than half of the guidance documents, regulations, and regulatory activities required by the Clean Air Act Amendments of1990. 

Some examples of successful collaborations between chemists and high school teachers were described at the 9th International Conference on Chemical Education (14). Australia (15), Great Britain and Canada all have national efforts underway to improve their secondary school curricula. The long term goal of each is to promote scientific literacy, and each new program draws heavily upon global environmental science for examples that are relevant to students. In each of these... 

The Japanese are committed to vigorously developing and dominating the field of advanced ceramics. They have put in place a well-integrated national effort primarily based on government-industry interactions. 

However, the corporationformedto implement this declaration ofinterdependence has failed to provide information to the public, news media, local, state and national political representatives, or others. There will be no level playing field for use of nuclear technology unless there is a well-coordinated national effort to provide accurate information to the public and to correct misinformation. 

This chapter provides an overview of hydrogen code and standards with an emphasis on the national effort supported and managed by the DOE. 

The national templates have been accepted by the major SDOs and CDOs in the United States, the FreedomCAR and Fuel Partnership, key industry associations, and many state and local governments as the guideposts for the coordinated development of standards and model codes. All of the relevant major SDOs and CDOs in the United States are part of this national effort the ANSI, ASME, American Society of Testing and Materials (ASTM),... 

With the 1973-74 oil embargo, the gas industry realized that a major national effort would be needed to assure adequate, secure, and environmentally acceptable supplies of all forms of energy. 

Calculation, thermodynamic optimization of phase diagrams. The knowledge of phase equilibria, phase stability, phase transformations is an important reference point in the description and understanding of the fundamental properties of the alloys and of their possible technological applications. This interest has promoted a multi-disciplinary and multi-national effort dedicated not only to experimental methods, but also to techniques of optimization, calculation and prediction of... 

Science Foundation, the New Jersey Commission on Science Technology (which has established CPRR as one of its Advanced Technology Centers), and several state governments and universities. In the near future. Rep. Jim Coulter (R.-N.J.) is expected to reintroduce a proposal to fund the center as the National Center for Plastics Recycling, the hub of a national effort with other universities. 

The National Academy of Sciences il. S.i endorsed a massive national effort to map and sequence the human genome The project target—to produce genetic and physical maps of increasing resolution, with a fully detailed map of the chromosomes—the project to he completed within a decade and ai a cost estimated to be S3 billion,... 

Launch a major national effort to use electricity and natural gas more efficiently. We need to slow the growth of co2 emissions, sharply reduce the need for new coal-fired power, and free up inefficiently used natural gas for high-efficiency power generation (either combined cycle plants or chp). Energy ejficiency remains the single most cost-effective strategy for minimizing co2 emissions.8... 

The panel did find short-term effects on "immediate memory, "oral communication and "learning, and said that it sometimes "may trigger temporary confusion and delirium. Noting that "about a quarter of the entire [U.S.] population has tried it at least once, Reiman reported the study group s recommendations (1) more work to produce marijuana derivatives with increased therapeutic action and less side effects, (2) a high-priority national effort to find out more about this drug, and (3) the decriminalization of penalties for personal marijuana use. 

Such activities in Europe are widely dispersed and a COST Action seems to be the best approach to integrate, streamline and harmonize these national efforts towards a leap forward for new breakthroughs beneficial for a wide community of scientists and users. 

Because Ontario is Canada s most populated province, events that occur there are often considered by other provinces or in national efforts. It is therefore fair to suggest that the Lowy report probably had significant influence beyond the boundaries of Ontario. 

Some of the reports of operational mistakes coming from within the plant and circulated widely within the affected communities have come from people who are simply uninformed and do not know normal procedures. Box 5-1 provides examples of such uninformed observations. Chemical demilitarization plants are complex. A better knowledge of the complexity of the plant and the care and design that have been incorporated may instill pride in being part of the important national effort of weapons disposal. The potential costs (e.g., lost trust) of having the local public alarmed by reported misperceptions of uninformed workers can be substantial. 

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