Standard precautions

Thorium is potentially hazardous. Einely divided thorium metal and hydrides can be explosive or inflammatory hazards with respect to oxygen and halogens. Einely divided Th02 and other inorganic salts also present an inhalation and irritation hazard. The use of standard precautions, skin covering, and a conventional dust respirator should be sufficient for handling thorium materials. 

Prepare die finger using an alcohol wipe to cleanse die area Wear gloves to comply widi die guidelines of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Standard Precautions). 

For most bacteria, use infection control guidelines standard precautions. If appropriate, or the identity of the bacteria is unknown, use additional droplet and airborne precautions. Avoid direct contact with wounds or wound drainage. 

VHF-Specific Barrier Precautions Standard precautions plus... 

Use infection control guidelines standard precautions. Avoid direct contact with wounds or wound drainage. 

Isolation Procedures Once a victim of chemical or biological agents or weapons gets to the hospital or another healthcare facility, that person may have to abide by patient isolation procedures. These include Standard Precautions, Airborne Precautions, Droplet Precautions, and Contact Precautions. These precautions are spelled out in the third edition of Medical Management Of Biological Casualties Handbook published by the U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Disease located at Fort Detrick in Frederick, Maryland. 

Airborne Precautions Standard Precautions plus Place the patient in a private room that has negative air pressure, at least six air changes/hour, and appropriate filtration of air before it is discharged from the room. Use respiratory protection when entering the room. Limit movement and transport of the patient, and use a mask on the patient if they need to be moved. 

Other Standard Precautions After an invasive procedure or autopsy, all instruments used and locations need to be disinfected with a sporicidal agent. Recommended for use is... 

Decontamination Soap and water, or diluted sodium hypochlorite solution (0.5 percent) for environmental contamination. Drainage and secretion procedures are necessary. Standard precautions for healthcare workers should be followed. Person-to-person transmission via tissue transplantation and sexual contact has been reported but are insignificant. 

Isolation Standard precautions for all aspects of care, contact precautions, and strict hand washing with antimicrobial soap. 

Discharge Management Teach caregivers standard precautions. 

Post-mortem Care Follow standard precautions. 

Person-To-Person Transmissible Low transmission from man-to-man although Standard Precautions should be followed when working with patients also transmissible from horses-to-humans although the transmissibility rate is low. 

Defensive Measures Wearing protective mask, practicing Standard Precautions with infected patients, and good personal hygiene. 

Decontamination Standard Precautions for healthcare workers. Person-to-person airborne transmission is not likely, although secondary cases may occur through improper handling of infected secretions. Environmental decontamination can be treated with 0.5 percent hypochlorite solution. 

Discharge Management with Bubonic Plague Teach care givers Standard Precautions. 

Discharge Management with Pneumonic Plague Teach care givers Standard Precautions do not discharge until no longer infectious do not discharge until after seventy-two hours of antibiotics. 

Post-Mortem Care for Bubonic Plague Follow Standard Precautions disinfect surfaces with 1 9 bleach/water solution (10 percent). 

Regarding isolation and decontamination, Standard Precautions are recommended for healthcare personnel. Person-to-person transmission is rare. Victims exposed to Q fever by aerosol do not present a risk for secondary contamination or re-aerosolization of the organism. Decontamination can be done with soap and water, or a 0.5 percent chlorine solution on personnel. 

Medical Management Standard Precautions are recommended for healthcare personnel. Most cases of acute Q fever will eventually resolve without antibiotic treatment, but all suspected cases of Q fever should be treated to reduce the risk of complications. 

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