St Lawrence River

Table 1. Chemical Composition of Water and Related Data for St. Lawrence River, Representing Outflow from Lake Ontario, Selected Years (1906-1990)...

Example Great Lakes—Upper St. Lawrence River... 

Fig. 2. Annual sulfate yields of the St. Lawrence River at Cornwall, Ontario, Canada, 1906—1990. (Calculated from data in U.S. Geological Survey...

Pollution of Lake Erie, Lake Ontario and the International Section of the St. Lawrence River, Report to the International Joint Commission by the international Lake Erie and Lake Ontario/St. Lawrence Water Pollution Boards, IntematitKial Joint Commission, Windsor, Ontario, 1969, Vols. 1,2 and 3. 

Wong HE, Donnelly JP. 1968. A preliminary pesticide survey in the Bay of Quinte and international section of the St. Lawrence River. Department of National Health and Welfare, Division of Public Health Engineering. Manuscript Report KR-68-4. 

Ashpole SL, Bishop CA, Brooks RJ. 2004. Contaminant residues in snapping turtle Chelydm s. serpentina) eggs from the Great Lakes-St Lawrence River basin (1999 to 2000). Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 47 240-252. 

Bishop CA, Koster MD, Chek AA, HusseU DJT, Jock K. 1995a. Chlorinated hydrocarbons and mercury in sediments, red-winged blackbirds Agelaius phoeniceus) and tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) from wetlands in the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence River basin. Environ Toxicol Chem 14 491-501. 

Bishop CA, Ng P, Pettit KE, Kennedy SW, Stegeman JJ, Norstrom RJ, Brooks RJ. 1998. Environmental contamination and developmental abnormalities in eggs and hatchlings of the common snapping turtle Chelydra serpentina serpentina) from the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence River basin (1989-91). Environ Pollut 101 143-56. 

Bonin J, Desgranges JL, Bishop CA, Rodrigue J, Gendron A, Elliott E. 1995. Comparative study of contaminants in the mudpuppy (Amphibia) and the common snapping turtle (Reptiha), St. Lawrence River, Canada. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 28 184-194. 

Champoux L, Rodrigue J, Desgranges JL, Trudeau S, Hontela A, Boily M, Spear P. 2002. Assessment of contamination and biomarker responses in two species of herons on the St. Lawrence River. Environ Monit Assess 79 193-215. 

Hontela A, Dumont P, Duclos D, Fortin R. 1995. Endocrine and metabolic dysfunction in yellow perch, Perea flavescens, exposed to organic contaminants and heavy metals in the St. Lawrence River. Environ Toxicol Chem 14 725-731. 

In the mid Atlantic ocean observed concentrations at A03 and A04 decrease gradually with depth, whereas A05 concentrations show an increase until 500 m and a decrease below. Modeled profiles show a similar pattern. Surface concentrations of model results are much lower than the observed ones. In addition to this the fact that profiles of all mid Atlantic sampling location are identical can be explained by missing discharge into the mid Atlantic ocean in the emissions scenario. Emissions from American fluoropolymer productions sites are released into the Atlantic Ocean solely at the mouth of St. Lawrence River. Discharge of PFOA into for example the Gulf of Mexico is not considered. 

Kwan KHM, Chan HM, de Lafontaine Y (2003) Metal contamination in zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) along the St. Lawrence River. Environ Monit Assess 88 193-219... 

Wong and coworkers118 analyzed fish and other environmental samples (clam, macrophytes, sediments and waters) from areas upstream and downstream from alkyllead manufacturing sites beside the St. Lawrence and St. Clair Rivers, Ontario, and found a clear indication of elevated alkyllead levels in samples near the industries. Most species of fish contained alkyllead compounds with tetraethyllead and triethyllead as the predominant forms. Most fish from the contaminated areas contained 70% or more of the total lead as alkyllead. Average alkyllead levels varied from year to year but declined steadily after 1981. For example, the mean value of alkyllead in carp from the St. Lawrence River decreased from 4207 H g kg-1 in 1981 to 2000 H g kg-1 in 1982 and to 49 Xg kg 1 in... 

St. Lawrence River 1989-90 sediment copper ranged from 4 to 148 mg/kg DW Octopus, Eledone cirrhosa-, English Channel October, 1987 ... 

Metcalfe-Smith, J.L. 1994. Influence of species and sex on metal residues in freshwater mussels (Family Unionidae) from the St. Lawrence River, with implications for biomonitoring programs. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 13 1433-1443. 

Tree swallow, Tachycineta bicolor, eggs, St. Lawrence River 0.04-0.08 FW 127... 

Beluga whale, Delphinapterus leucas St. Lawrence River estuary 1993-94 blubber animals dead on collection females vs. males ... 

Muir, D.C.G., K. Koczanski, B. Rosenberg, and P. Beland. 1996. Persistent organochlorines in beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas) from the St. Lawrence River estuary — II. Temporal trends, 1982-1994. Environ. Pollut. 93 235-245. 

Snapping turtle, Chelydra serpentina Upper St. Lawrence River near Lake Ontario June 1984-85 2,3,7,8-TCDD... 

Mammals Beluga whale, Delphinapterus leucas Found dead in St. Lawrence River estuary 1987-90 blubber 2,3,7,8-TCDD equivalents (due primarily to planar PCBs) Females 330 FW 35... 

Ryan, J.J., E. Dewailly, A. Gilman, C. Laliberte, P. Ayotte, and J. Rodrigue. 1997. Dioxin-like compounds in fishing people from the lower north shore of the St. Lawrence River, Quebec, Canada. Arch. Environ. Health. 52 309-316. 

Ryan, J.J., B.P.Y. Lau, J.A. Hardy, W.B. Stone, P. O Keefe, and J.F. Gierthy. 1986. 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and related dioxins and furans in snapping turtle (Chelydra serpentina) tissues from the upper St. Lawrence River. Chemosphere 15 537-548. 

Hobbs, K.E. et al., PCBs and organochlorine pesticides in blubber biopsies from free-ranging St. Lawrence River Estuary beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas), 1994-1998, Environ. Pollut., 122, 291, 2003. 

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