Soy phytoestrogens

PAN Y, ANTHONY M, CLARKSON T B (1999a) Effect of estradiol and soy phytoestrogens on choline acetyltransferase and nerve growth factor mRNAs in the frontal cortex and hippocampus of female rats. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 221 118-25. 

Neurobehavioral effects of dietary soy phytoestrogens. Neurotoxicol Teratol. 24 (1) 5-16. 

One study directly evaluated semen and testicular endpoints in men consuming soy phytoestrogens. Mitchell et al. (2001) reported a study of 14 young men (18 to 35 years old) who consumed 40 mg per day of soy isoflavones (in a tablet form) for two months. The subjects were followed for two months before and three months after taking the supplement. The isoflavone supplement did not change testicular or ejaculate volume, or sperm concentration, count, or motility. 

Three dietary intervention studies reported the effects of soy or soy phytoestrogen consumption on reproductive hormones in men and very modest alterations of doubtful clinical significance were found (Habito et al., 2000 Nagata et al., 2001). None of these studies evaluated the prostate itself, and it is possible that soy consumption alters local hormone metabolism and action within the gland. 

Quella, S.K., Loprinzi, C.L., Barton, D.L., et al. (2000). Evaluation of soy phytoestrogens for the treatment of hot flushes in breast cancer survivors A North Central Cancer Treatment Group trial, J. Clin. Oncol., 5, 1068-1074. 

Van Patten, C.L., Olivotto, I.A., Chambers, G.K., et al. (2002). Effect of soy phytoestrogens on hot flushes in postmenopausal women with breast cancer a randomized, controlled clinical trial, J. Clin. Oncol., 20, 1449-1455. 

Holzbeierlein JM, McIntosh, Thrasher JB. The role of soy phytoestrogens in prostate cancer. Curr. Opin. Urol 15, 17-22, 2005. 

Clarkson, TB. Soy, phytoestrogens and cardiovascular disease. J. Nutr. 132, 566S-569S, 2002. Anderson JW, Johnstone BM, Cook-Newell ME. Meta-analysis of the effects of soy protein intake on serum lipids. N. Engl J. Med. 333, 276-282, 1995. 

Kim H, Xu J, Su Y et al. Actions of the soy phytoestrogen genistein in models of human chronic disease potential involvement of transforming growth factor p. Biochem. Soc. Trans. 29, 216-222, 2001. 

Clarkson TB. 2002. Soy, soy phytoestrogens and cardiovascular disease. J Nutr 132 566S-569S. 

Anthony, M.S., Clarkson, T.B., Bullock, B.C., and Wagner, J.D. 1997. Soy protein versus soy phytoestrogens in the prevention of diet-induced coronary artery atherosclerosis of male cynomolgus monkeys. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vase. Biol. 17, 2524-2531. 

Watanabe, S. and Adkrcreutz, H., Pharmacokinetics of soy phytoestrogens in humans. American Chemical Society Chapter 19, 198, 1998. 

The mayor soy phytoestrogens are genistein and daidzein, and genistein in particular has been used in animal experiments for inhibition of growth of a number of cancer cell lines. It has been shown to inhibit breast and skin cancer, and inhibit the formation of... 

Dang, Z.-C. V. Audinot S.E. Papapoulos J.A. Boutin C.W.G.M. Lowik. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (ppargamma) as a molecular target for the soy phytoestrogen genistein. 

Katz, D.L. M.A. Evans V.Y. Njike M.E. Hoxley H. Nawaz B.P. Comerford P.M. Sarrel. Raloxifene, soy phytoestrogens and endothelial function in postmenopausal women. Climacteric 2007,... 

Vatanparast, H. P.D. Chilibeck. Does the effect of soy phytoestrogens on bone in postmenopausal women depend on the equol-producing phenotype Nutr. Rev. 2007, 65, 294—299. 

Correlation between Soy Phytoestrogens and Thyroid Laboratory Parameters Implications for Iodine Nutrition... 

In conclusion, our data confirm that soy phytoestrogens possess only modest and transitory effect on thyroid hormone values, but, on the other hand, reveal that some thyroid hormone parameters do correlate with actual iso-flavone levels. 

Soy phytoestrogens, especially isoflavone derivatives daid-zein and genistein, are nutritional factors that, among many other effects, may affect iodine utilization. 

De Lemos ML. Effects of soy phytoestrogens genistein and daidzein on breast cancer growth. Ann Pharmacother 2001 35 1118-1121. 

Si H, Liu D (2008) Genistein, a soy phytoestrogen, upregulates the expression of hiunan endothelial nitric oxide synthase and lowers blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats. J Nutr 138 297-304... 

Lund TD, West TW, Tian LY, Bu LH, Simmons DL, Setchell KD, Adlercreutz H, Lephart ED (2001) Visual spatial memory is enhanced in female rats (but inhibited in males) by dietary soy phytoestrogens. BMC Neurosci 2 20... 

Pan Y, Anthony M, Clarkson TB (1999) Evidence for up-regulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor mRNA by soy phytoestrogens in the frontal cortex of retired breeder female rats. Neurosci Lett 261(l-2) 17-20... 

Pan Y, Anthony M, Clarkson TB (1999) Effect of estradiol and soy phytoestrogens on choline acetyltransferase and nerve growth factor mRNAs in the frontal cortex and hippocampus of female rats. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 221(2) 118-125 37. Joseph JA, Shukltt-Hale B, Denisova NA, Bielinski D, Martin A, McEwtai JJ, Bickford PC (1999) Reversals of age-related declines in neuronal signal transduction, cognitive, and motor behavioral deficits with blueberry, spinach, or strawberry dietary supplementation. J Neurosci 19(18) 8114-8121... 

To date there have been no RCTs to investigate the effect of SF/SPESI on direct BC outcomes, only indirect markers of risk. However, some have argued that it is the influence of soy phytoestrogen exposure during childhood and adolescence that is the key determinant in the ben-... 

Clarkson, T.B., Anthony, M.S., and Morgan, T.M. 2001. Inhibition of postmenopausal atherosclerosis progression a comparison of the effects of conjugated equine estrogens and soy phytoestrogens. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 86, 41 7. 

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