Silicate physical chemistry

Rabinovich, E. M. (1983). On the structural role of fluorine in silicate glasses. Journal of Physical Chemistry, 24, 54-6. 

No new definitions will be proposed here but a simple outline of the basic vocabulary is given which will be used to permit a discussion of the problems of physical chemistry of phyllosilicates and other silicate minerals found in clay mineral suites. 

Eitel, W. Physical Chemistry of the Silicates, University of Chicago Press, Chicago (1954). 

Satava V., Introduction to the Physical Chemistry of Silicates (in Czech), SNTL, Prague, 1965 (Uvod do fyzikalni chemie silikath, SNTL, Praha). 

In 1963 Dr. Danbk joined the Institute of Inorganic Chemistry of the Slovak Academy of Sciences in Bratislava, of which he was the director in the period 1991-1995. His main field of interest was the physical chemistry of molten salts systems in particular the study of the relations between the composition, properties, and structure of inorganic melts. He developed a method to measure the electrical conductivity of molten fluorides. He proposed the thermodynamic model of silicate melts and applied it to a number of two- and three-component silicate systems. He also developed the dissociation model of molten salts mixtures and applied it to different types of inorganic systems. More recently his work was in the field of chemical synthesis of double oxides from fused salts and the investigation of the physicochemical properties of molten systems of interest as electrolytes for the electrochemical deposition of metals from natural minerals, molybdenum, the synthesis of transition metal borides, and for aluminium production. 

Silica gels, porous glasses, and silica powders were prepared by A. Kiselev, Nikitin, and co-workers (Moscow State University, Moscow) (2, 3, 26, 27, 74-81) Dzisko, Fenelonov, and co-workers (Institute of Catalysis, Siberian Division of the U.S.S.R. Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk) (82, 83) Zhdanov and co-workers (Institute of Silicate Chemistry, the U.S.S.R. Academy of Sciences, Leningrad) (84-87) Belotserkovsky, Kolosentsev, and co-workers (Technological Institute, Leningrad) (59-61) Neimark, Sheinfain, and co-workers (Institute of Physical Chemistry, the Ukrainian S.S.R. Academy of Sciences, Kiev) (28, 29) Chuiko (Institute of Surface Chemistry, the Ukrainian S.S.R. Academy of Sciences, Kiev) (88) and others. 

O. K. Botvinkin, Physical Chemistry of Silicates, Promstroiizdat, Moscow, 1955 Introduction to the Physical Chemistry of Silicates, Goskhimizdat, 1938 The Glass-Like State, lzd. 

Haber s Institute was located in the prosperous Berlin suburb of Dahlem in a campus—like setting together with other K. W. institutes devoted to biochemistry, inorganic chemistry, silicate and fiber research. It was one of the most famous and most generously endowed research centers in the world. The Institute had modern equipment, workshops, a library, access to a luxurious clubhouse and even two tennis courts. It served as the focal point for seminars and meetings on physical chemistry in which Fritz Haber, the winner of the 1918 Nobel prize was the undisputed leader. 

The DFT of nano-silicate photocatalyst. Density functional theory (DFT) is a computational quantum mechanical modelling method used in physics, chemistry and materials science to investigate the electronic structure (principally the ground state) of many-body systems, in particular atoms, molecules, and the condensed phases. With this theory, the properties of a many-electron system can be determined by using functionals, i.e. functions of another function, which in this case is the spatially dependent electron density. DFT is among the most popular and versatile methods available in condensed-matter physics, computational physics, and computational chemistry. Therefore, the DFT calculation was employed to analyse the effects of modified silicates using different modified methods. 

Zartman, G. D., Liu, H., Akdim, B., Pachter, R., and Heinz, H. 2010. Nanoscale tensile, shear, and faUine prop>erties of layered silicates as a function of cation density and stress. Journal of Physical Chemistry C 114 1763-1772. 

An alternative to in situ polymerization involves direct intercalation of macromolecules into layered structures. Silicates are most often used. The insertion of polymer molecules into layered host lattices is of interest from different points of view. First, this insertion process leads to the construction of organic-inorganic polylayered composites. Second, the intercalation physical chemistry by itself and the role intercalation plays in the gain of electronic conductivity are of interest. This becomes important in the construction of reversible electrodes " or when improving the physicomechanical properties of nylon-layered silicate nanocomposites, hybrid epoxide clay composites," and nanomaterials based on hectorite and polyaniline, polythiophene or polypyrrole. ... 

G. V. Kukolev, Chemistry of Silicon and Physical Chemistry of the Silicates. Vols. 1-3. translated from Russian by E. H. Murch, National Lending Library of Science and Technology. Boston Spa. England, 1971 reviewed in7. Am, Ceram. Soc., 55, 126 (1972). 

Oxygen plus silicon makes a common chemical group called a silicate. Glass cases full of sihcates stretch the width of the Redpath Museum. Look in the back of the physical chemistry textbook, and you will see that the heat of formation of silicon oxide is one of the largest numbers from combining the Big Six. Physical chemistry predicts that sihcates are prominent. 

Phase chemistry was an established part of the classical physical chemistry curricula in past years. In recent years, less and less attention has been directed to this area because it is not as directly applicable to biological sciences as it is to salt chemistry, geochemistry, metallurgy, ceramics, mineralogy, etc. Although phase chemistry can be very involved if solids, liquids, and gases are considered, in phosphate and silicate chemistry it can be applied rather simply in most instances. We shall consider melting points and solid-solid transitions in this work. Samples of known composition will be compounded, to borrow a phrase from pharmacy. 

Satava Vladimir (1922-) Czech chem., expert in thermodynamics and chemistry of cements, inventor of hydrothermal analysis (book Physical Chemistry of Silicates 1962)... 

This approach, together with its practical significance, would allow the covering of a number of theoretical questions in the fields of inorganic chemistry, physical chemistry, and silicate crystallochemistry, solid-state physics, ecology, materials science and other adjacent disciplines. 

G. V. Kukolev. Chemistry of Silicon and Physical Chemistry of Silicates, 1951, p. 196. 

Eitel, W., 1952. The Physical Chemistry of the Silicates. Chicago The University of Chicago Press. Eriksson, E., 1953. Problems of heat flow in differential thermal analysis. Lantbr. Hogsk. Annlr. 19 127 20 117. 

Silicon shows a rich variety of chemical properties and it lies at the heart of much modern technology/ Indeed, it ranges from such bulk commodities as concrete, clays and ceramics, through more chemically modified systems such as soluble silicates, glasses and glazes to the recent industries based on silicone polymers and solid-state electronics devices. The refined technology of ultrapure silicon itself is perhaps the most elegant example of the close relation between chemistry and solid-state physics and has led to numerous developments such as the transistor, printed circuits and microelectronics (p. 332). 

The powders used in glass polyalkenoate cement formulations are prepared from glasses and not opaque sintered masses. In this they resemble the traditional dental silicate cement from which they are descended. The glass plays several roles in the chemistry and physics of the glass polyalkenoate... 

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