Shipping pallets

How the products were shipped (pallet loads or loose cartons)... 

Fig. 1. Fuel shipping pallet with fuel elements.

Mica is shipped by tmck (20.4 t max) or railroad (27.2 t max). Bulk tmckloads and rail shipments, such as palletizing, bagging, and shrink- or stretch-wrappiag, are made to avoid extra costs. Mica is usually palletized and shrink- or stretch-wrapped for shipment. 

Economic Aspects. Table 13 summarizes prices and shipping methods for the principal borate products as of January 1991. Within the United States most shipments are by rail, and additional charges are made for spHt cars, tmck shipments, palletized shipments, etc. Prices are fob Southern California. In general, the borates are stable soHds and require no special handling techniques with the possible exception of dust collection. 

Empty bags are ordinarily shipped compressed (to obtain high load density) and on pallets, the most common of which measure 1220 by 1065 mm (48 by 42 in), 1220 by 1015 mm (48 by 40 in), and 1270 by 1115 mm (50 by 44 in). The number of empty bags per pallet varies with size, 1500 to 2000 being common. A typical tilled pallet weighs about 907 kg (2000 lb). Pallet loads are often triple-tiered in warehouses. 

Wire-bound wood boxes (typical loads, 1 to 2 tons) have limited use for chemical produc ts. The box body, consisting of thin wooden slats held in place by steel wire twisted around each at, is fastened to a solid-deck wood pallet. The top also consists of wire-bound wooden pieces. A PE liner protects the product and prevents it from falling through the slats. Disadvantages of the container are the labor needed for setup and the space required for knocked-down boxes. Since manufacturers are usually near sources of hardwood, shipping costs to users may be high lead times of 3 to 4 weeks are common. 

FIG. 21-63a Use of CAPE software system for determining carton, shipping case, and pallet load dimensions and patterns for defined conditions. Shipping cases must fit within the pallet dimensions. (Couttesy of CAFE Systems, Inc., Flano, TX, 800-229-3434.)... 

Equipment for Hazardous-Wastes Collection The eqmp-ment used for collection varies with the characteristics of the wastes. For short-haul distances, drum storage and collecdion with an enclosed trailer are often preferred methods. Full-size drums are usually shipped four to a pallet. Smaller sizes are stacked and/or wrapped up to 10 per pallet. As hauling distances increase, larger tank trucks, trailers, and railroad tank cars are used. 

Alum is shipped in 100 lb bags, drums, or in bulk (minimum of 40,000 lb) by truck or rail. Bag shipments may be ordered on wood pallets if desired. 

Prior to the containerization movement, work at ports and railyards was vei y slow and labor-intensive because much of the freight being moved entailed unprotected palleted cargo from ships and less-than-carload freight moved in boxcars. It took a lot of... 

Each rocket in its shipping and firing tube is manually removed from its storage pallet in the UPA and transferred to a metering device to ensure that it is oriented with the warhead assembly heading first into the explosion containment vestibule (ECV). The metering... 

Stretch wrap is a strong, flexible film that can be stretched to take the shape of the contained goods. It is used at home to over-wrap fresh meat and other leftovers or industrially to secure shipping cartons to pallets. It is usually made of LLDPE, LDPE or PVC. 

Industrial starches are supplied to the paper mill in packages or bulk containers.9 The shipment of starch as a suspension in water is possible, but it is costly due to the need to transport about 65% water. Starch settles easily, is difficult to resuspend, and can easily spoil. Bags are shipped stacked in layers on pallets. Super sacks, which hold about 1000 kg starch, have lifting straps for handling them with forklift trucks or overhead hoists. The sacks are fitted with an outlet sleeve. 

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