Serum alanine aminotransferase ALT

Ribavirin is a guanosine analog synthesized more than 35 years ago, which possesses broad-spectrum antiviral activity against several RNA and DNA viruses in vitro (Sidwell et al. 1972). When administered as monotherapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C, ribavirin induces a decline of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels while no effect on sustained virologic response is detectable (Di Bisceglie et al. 1992). 

B. Indications and nse Infergen is indicated for treating chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in adults with compensated liver disease who have anti-HCV serum antibodies and/or the presence of HCV RNA. It is also effective in the subsequent treatment of patients who did not respond or relapsed after initial interferon therapy. In some patients with chronic HCV infection, Infergen normalizes serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) concentrations, reduces serum HCV RNA concentrations to undetectable quantities (<100 copies/ml), and improves liver histology. 

E. Therapeutic response Efficacy of Infergen therapy was determined by measurement of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) concentrations at the end of therapy (24 weeks) and following 24 weeks of observation after the end of treatment of adults with chronic HCV infection. Serum HCV RNA was also assessed using a quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). At the end of 24 weeks of treatment, ALT normalization was observed in 39% of patients on Infergen and in 35% of patients on interferon alfa-2b Intron A). Only 17% of patients in each group... 

Pattern of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and bilirubin in the plasma, following poisoning with the toxic mushroom Amanita phalloides. 

HBV infection is diagnosed by the presence of anti-HBc antibodies, absence of anti-HBsAg antibodies and the presence of ffBsAg in serum. HBeAg is indicative of active disease. Liver biopsy will show the presence of HBV DNA and liver damage, as indicated by elevated levels of serum alanine aminotransferases (ALTs). 

Figure 223. Effect of DHA on hepatic triglyceride levels and serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels in diet-induced lipodystrophy model mice.

Hepatotoxicity is the limiting side effect in tacrine therapy. About 50% of those patients given tacrine show elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels indicating some degree of hepatotoxicity. In almost all cases, these changes are noted within the first 12 weeks of treatment. Jaundice is a rare finding. 

Kundrotas L, Clement D. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) elevation in asymptomatic US Air Force basic trainee blood donors. Dig Dis Sci 1993 38 2145-50. 

Rhodes, D. C., H. N. Dring, S. A. Blackmer, and H. B. Lewis. 1987. Drug-induced decreases in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Veterinary Clinical Pathology 16 12. 

Jean Ann Tonich. Jean Ann Tonich s signs and symptoms, as well as () her laboratory profile, were consistent with the presence of mild reversible alcohol-induced hepatocellular inflammation (alcohol-induced hepatitis) superimposed on a degree of irreversible scarring of liver tissues known as chronic alcoholic (Laennec s) cirrhosis of the liver. The chronic inflammatory process associated with long-term ethanol abuse in patients such as Jean Ann Tonich is accompanied by increases in the levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Her elevated bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase were consistent with hepatic damage. Her values for ALT and... 

Subsequent to this initial report, many cases of acetaminophen overdose were reported. Boyer and Rouff described the principal clinical symptoms as development of nausea and vomiting within 2-3 h of ingestion followed by abdominal pain in the right upper quadrant. Liver dysfunction occurred within 24 h and reached a maximum approximately 3-4 days after ingestion (Boyer and Rouff 1971). Prescott et al. summarized the clinical and biochemical changes to be a dramatic increase in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and asparatate aminotransferase (AST) levels, mild hyperbilirubinemia, and increased prothrombin time (Dixon et al. 1971). In conjimc-tion with these clinical symptoms, the elimination half-life of acetaminophen may be delayed (Schiodt et al. 2002). Also, some patients may develop nephrotoxicity in addition to hepatotoxicity (Boyer and Rouff 1971 Prescott et al. 1971). 

C. A reversible, dose-dependent rise in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity has been reported with nizatidine, a related agent. Hepatitis has also occurred with ranitidine. 

In rats provided with drinking water containing 1% valerian tincture (estimated dose 200-250 mg/kg daily) for 12 weeks with intramuscular injection of haloperidol (equivalent to 1 mg/kg daily), an increase in lipid peroxidation levels and dichlorofluorescein-reactive species production was observed in the hepatic tissue. In the liver and kidneys, 8-aminolevulinate dehydratase activity was inhibited. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was elevated, as compared to controls, while aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels were unchanged (Dalla Corte et al. 2008). 

Markedly elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels... 

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