Sennosides

That the degree of comminution on its own is not the only factor involved in the kinetics-of the release of the active principles, but that evidently the nature and amount of the accompanying substances also play an essential part, has been demonstrated in the case of the sennosides in aqueous preparations (hot extractions and cold macerates) from senna fruits and senna leaves [3],... 

Semen sinapis 187 Sennosides 166,167 Sensitivity enhancement by derivatization 56... 

Alkaloids Glycoside Morphine Codeine Digitalis glycosides Sennosides Analgesic, Antitussive Cardiovascular diseases, Laxatives... 

SENNOSIDES The following dosages are for senna concentrate only. For other forms of senna, consult labeling. Dosages are different. 

Lactation Anthraquinone derivatives (eg, casanthranol, cascara sagrada, danthron) are excreted in breast milk resulting in a potential increased incidence of diarrhea in the nursing infant. Sennosides A and B (eg, senna) are not excreted in breast milk. It is not known whether docusate calcium, docusate potassium, docusate sodium, lactulose, and mineral oil are excreted in breast milk. 

Laxative effect. Seed hull, taken orally by adults at a dose of 7 g/person, increased weekly fecal mass without influencing transit time or frequency . Seedcoat, administered orally to 80 patients at a dose of 6.4 g/person three times daily, was active in a blinded placebo controlled study of efficacy of extract in treatment of irritable bowel syndrome " . Water extract of the dried kernel, administered orally to 40-year-old adults of both sexes, was active . Seed powder, administered orally to adults of both sexes, was active. Biological activity reported has been patented ". Dried seeds, administered orally to adults at a dose of 0.5 g/person, were active. Placing the seeds in water increased their volume, 90% alcohol produced a decrease in volume to normal seed size, and linseed oil had no effect on volume. The seed mucilage remained in gel form and is considered preferable to the solid form because it is more easily digested " . Dried seed powder, administered orally to 35 patients with chronic constipation at a dose of 50 mg/person, was active in a controlled, double-blind study " . Fiber, administered orally to adults, was active. Psyllium fiber and sennosides were prepared into a wafer to be... 

The most important anthraquinone glycosides are sennosides, found in the senna leaves and fruits (Cassia senna or Cassia angustifolia). These are, in fact, dimeric anthraquinone glycosides. However, monomeric anthraquinone glycosides are also present in this plant. 

Cassia angustifolia Vahl. Fan Xie Ye (leaflet) Sennosides, aloe-emodin, dianthrone glucoside, rhein monoglucoside, rhein, kaempferin, myricyl alcohol, anthraquinone derivative.33-510 Purgative, laxative, cathartic. 

Rheum officinale Baill. R. koreanum Nakai R. palmatum L. R. tanguticum Maxim R. undulatum L. Tai Huang (Rhubarb) (rhizome) Anthraquinones, chrysophanol, emodin, physcion, aloe-emodin, rhein, chrysophenol, rheum tannic acid, gallic acid, calechin, bianthraquinonyl, sennosides (R. undulatum also contains rhaponticin).1 33 236,510 This herb may be toxic. Potent laxative, antibacterial, anthelmintic, anticancer, stimulate the large intestine and increase the movement of luminal contents toward the anus, resulting in defecation. Antispasmodic, choleretic, hemostatic, diuretic, lower blood pressure, lower cholesterol level. 

N.A. Anthraquinone, beta-sitosterol, rhein, dianthrone glucosides, sennosides A, B, naphthalene glycosides, aloe-emodin, mucilage.99 100 510 511 Laxative, stimulant, anticancer, cathartic. 

Sennosides Cassia angustifolia, Rheum officinale, R. palmatum, R. tanguticum, R. undulatum, R. koreanum... 

Fig. 2.12. (a) Fluorescence spectrum of sennoside A on a silica gel TLC plate after spraying with hydrazine. Detection Aminco-Bowman spectrofluorimeter, with a TLC-scanning accessory. Ex = excitation, Em = emission, (b), Scan of a TLC analysis of a Sennokot tablet extract obtained with a Zeiss chromatogram scanner. Peaks 1 3 sennoside B 2 = sennoside A 3 = sennoside C. 

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