Semiconductors Liquid crystal displays

Since 1970 the subject of amorphous semiconductors, in particular silicon, has progressed from obscurity to product commercialization such as flat-panel liquid crystal displays, linear sensor arrays for facsimile machines, inexpensive solar panels, electrophotography, etc. Many other applications are at the developmental stage such as nuclear particle detectors, medical imaging, spatial light modulators for optical computing, and switches in neural networks (1,2). 

Here the joining of an adhesive bonding a tape carrier package, in which a semiconductor chip has been incorporated, to a liquid crystal display panel through an anisotropic conductive film is shown. 

In order to develop the dyes for these fields, characteristics of known dyes have been re-examined, and some anlhraquinone dyes have heen found usable. One example of use is in thermal-transfer recording where the sublimation properties of disperse dyes are applied. Anthraquinune compounds have also been found to be useful dichroic dyes for gtiest-hosl liquid crystal displays when the substituents are properly selected to have high order parameters. These dichroic dyes can be used for polarizer films of LCD systems as well. Anlhraquinone derivatives that absorb in the near-infrared region have also been discovered, which may be applicable in semiconductor laser recording. 

ZnO is a wide band gap semiconductor, which is used for various applications. Based on textured ZnO films one can build highly effective piezo field emitters. On the other hand ZnO is a very effective electron-excited phosphor. ZnO films easily withstand electron fluence more than 1 W/cm. ZnO films doped with Al, Ga, or In have a low resistivity of about 10 " Qcm and a high transparency of about 90%. This is sufficient for applications as a front contact in solar cells, liquid crystal displays etc. Dielectric ZnO films have a high electromechanical coupling factor that allow using ZnO in various surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices such as delay lines, delay-line filters, resonators, transducers and SAW convolvers. 

NQC A chemical used as the raw material of a photosensitive substance, which is one of several components of a photoresist used in the manufacturing process of semiconductors or liquid crystal displays. 

Polyimides have been widely used in the advanced microelectronics industry such as passivation or stress-relief layers for high-density electronic packaging, interlayer dielectric layers for wafer-level semiconductor fabrication, or alignment layers for liquid crystals in advanced liquid crystal display devices (LCDs) owing to their outstanding thermal, mechanical and good insulation properties with low dielectric constant, good adhesion to common substrates and superior chemical... 

Civil Electronics, automobile, aircraft, mechanical engineering, aerospace, medical, fuel cell, environmental science Wire insulation, tape, chip carrier, switches, liquid crystal display panels, foam insulation, baffles, bushings, seal rings, abrasive cutting wheels, composite structures, adhesives, gas separation membrane, high-temperature adhesive for semiconductor industries, pacemakers, eye lens implants, fuel cell membrane... 

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