Selenium dietary sources

Laboratory studies of vitamin and mineral inadequacy associate such deficiencies with DNA damage, which indicates that the vitamin and mineral content of fruits and vegetables may explain the observed association between fruit and vegetable intake and cancer risk. Antioxidants such as vitamin C (whose dietary source is fruits and vegetables), vitamin E, and selenium... 

Katarzyna Wrobel, Kazimierz Wrobel, S. S. Kannamkumarath, J. A. Caruso, I. A. Wysocka, E. Bulska, J. Swiqtek, M. Wierzbicka, HPLC-ICP-MS speciation of selenium in enriched onion leaves - a potential dietary source of Se-methylseleno-cysteine, Food Chem., 86 (2004), 617-623. 

Infante, H.G., Hearn, R., Catterick, T. Current mass spectrometry strategies for selenium speciation in dietary sources of high-selenium. Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 382, 957-967 (2005)... 

Form and source of the mineral— Although seafood has a high selenium content, its value as a dietary source is reduced b use of the poor availability of its selenium. For example, the selenium in tuna is only 33 to 50% available, possibly because it tends to bind to heavy metals such as mercury. 

See also Antioxidants Observational Studies Intervention Studies. Ascorbic Acid Physiology, Dietary Sources and Requirements. Carotenoids Chemistry, Sources and Physiology Epidemiology of Health Effects. Copper. Folic Acid. Riboflavin. Selenium. Vitamin E Physiology and Health Effects. Zinc Physiology. 

See also Iodine Physiology, Dietary Sources and Requirements. Selenium. 

Elzubeir, E.A. and R.H. Davis. 1988a. Effect of dietary sodium nitroprusside as a source of cyanide on the selenium status of chicks given diets of varying selenium concentration. Brit. Poult. Sci. 29 769-777. 

In terms of human dietary requirements, much of the wheat for breadmaking in the United States is produced in selenium-adequate sections of the country. Bread is generally a good source of dietary selenium, Selenomethionine decomposes lipid peroxides and inhibits in vivo lipid peroxidation in tissues of vitamin-E-deficient chicks. Selenocysdne catalyzes the decomposition of organic hydroperoxides. Selenoproteins show a high degree of inhibition of lipid peroxidation in livers of sheep, chickens, and rats, Thus, some forms of selenium exhibit in vivo antioxidant behavior,... 

The many diverse components of milk have demonstrable effects on human health. Perhaps, the most commonly associated component of dairy food is that of dietary calcium. Dairy products provide the most significant contribution to dietary calcium intake in the modem Western diet. It has been estimated that dairy products contribute to >72% of dietary calcium in the United States (Huth et al., 2006). Calcium is an important mineral for maintenance of optimal bone health (Bonjour et al., 2009) and is an integral component of key metabolic pathways relating to, for example, muscle contraction both in skeletal and smooth muscle (Cheng and Lederer, 2008). Further, dairy products contribute other essential nutrients in the diet, such as proteins, phosphorus, potassium, zinc, magnesium, selenium, folate, riboflavin, vitamin B12, and vitamin A (Haug et al., 2007 Huth et al., 2006). Low-fat milk alternatives are fortified with vitamin A and vitamin D which is added to milk and fermented milk in many countries making it an important source for vitamin D (Huth et al., 2006). 

Studies by Whanger et al., (56) has also shown that selenium addition to the drinking water had no influence on tumor incidence of C H/St mice fed a casein based diet regardless of the lipid source used. What dietary factor(s) are accounting for these differences in efficacy remain to be determined. 

For the general population, ingestion is the primary exposure pathway sources include dietary supplements and various foods including seafood, meats, milk products, and grains. Trace amounts are found in drinking water. Selenium is not absorbed from shampoos. 

Date pulp is low in fat and protein but rich in sugars, mainly fructose and glucose, making it a potent source of caloric energy. It contains excellent amounts of amino acids for protein dietary minerals such as selenium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, manganese, and iron several B vitamins vitamin C omega fatty acids phytosterols and both insoluble and prebi-... 

Selenium enters the food chain mainly as selenomethionine from plants that take the element up from the soil but do not appear to use it. The soil content of selenium is highly variable and can be low in volcanic soils when soluble salts are leached out by ground water. Soils in parts of China and New Zealand are particularly low in selenium. Acid soils, where insoluble selenium complexes can be formed with iron and aluminum, occur in some parts of Europe, resulting in low available soil selenium. The geographical source of plant and animal foodstuffs determines the level of dietary intake. In the United States and Canada, wheat and other cereal products are a good source of selenium average intakes in North America range from 80 to 220 fig Se per day, whereas in the UK dietary intake is about 30 to 60 Llg/day. Intakes in China are as low as 11 lg/day and in New Zealand 28 fig/day. ... 

A study of dietary supplementation of female pigs with 0.1 or 0.3 ppm selenium from a selenium-enriched yeast or from sodium selenite (doses not given) from 60 days before breeding until weaning found that the concentration of selenium in milk, dam, and offspring tissues increased with the dose of selenium administered and was higher when the source of selenium was the selenium-enriched yeast (Mahan and Kim 1996). 

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