Other cereal by-products

Baked products (for a review, see Table 15.39) are made from milled wheat, rye and, to a lesser extent, other cereals by the addition of water, salt, a leavening agent and other ingredients (shortening, milk, sugar, eggs, etc.). The following operations are involved ... 

List five factors other than price that affect the feeding value of a given cereal grain or a cereal by-product. 

Pentoses contained in hemicellulose are used to produce furfural, a useful industrial chemical, used as a solvent for resins and waxes and in petrochemical refining. It is also used as a feedstock for a range of aromatic substances (it has an almond odour) including preservatives, disinfectants and herbicides. Furfural can be converted to furfuryl alcohol and used to make resins for composite applications with fibreglass and other fibres. These are of interest in the aircraft component and automotive brake sectors. Furfural is commercially derived from acid hydrolysis of waste agricultural by-products, such as sugarcane bagasse, com cobs and cereal brans. Around 450 000 tonnes is produced by this method per year. 

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