Schultz Report

Bromo-4-chloro-lH-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine could be easily fimc-tionalized at C-3 and C-4 in a one-pot two-step microwave-assisted process (Scheme 34) [55]. Ding and Schultz reported that nucleophilic substitution of the addition-elimination type at the C-4 position with amines and anilines smoothly occurred under acidic conditions in dioxane upon irradiation... 

Several antibodies have been modified to incorporate natural or synthetic groups to aid catalysis (Pollack et al., 1988). Pollack and Schultz reported the first example of a semi-synthetic abzyme through the introduction of an... 

Nikolic and Schultz, reported preparation of radiation curable epoxy resins based on styrene oxide structures ... 

Proline derivatives have also been used in enantioselective tandem Birch reduc-tion/alkylation sequence [33]. In 1984, Schultz reported the enantioselective alkylation reaction of an amide enolate derived in the course of a Birch reduction [34]. This reaction serves as a versatile tool for the enantioselective construction of highly substituted cyclohexanes bearing a chiral quaternary carbon center. A variety... 

By November 1982 the US was claiming in the Schultz Report to have further evidence. Two gas masks which were reported to be contaminated with mycotoxins had been obtained from Afghanistan. Subsequently, the US changed this to claim that one gas mask was contaminated. Blood samples had been collected from yellow rain victims in Laos and further environmental and biological samples from Kampuchea had been analysed 16 out of 33 biological samples and five out of six environmental samples showed the presence of trichothecene mycotoxins." ... 

US Department of State, Chemical Warfare in Southeast Asia and Afghanistan An Update, Special Report No. 104, November 1982. (Subsequently referred to as the Schultz Report.)... 

Headspace analysis has also been used to determine trichloroethylene in water samples. High accuracy and excellent precision were reported when GC/ECD was used to analyze headspace gases over water (Dietz and Singley 1979). Direct injection of water into a portable GC suitable for field use employed an ultraviolet detector (Motwani et al. 1986). While detection was comparable to the more common methods (low ppb), recovery was very low. Solid waste leachates from sanitary landfills have been analyzed for trichloroethylene and other volatile organic compounds (Schultz and Kjeldsen 1986). Detection limits for the procedure, which involves extraction with pentane followed by GC/MS analysis, are in the low-ppb and low-ppm ranges for concentrated and unconcentrated samples, respectively. Accuracy and precision data were not reported. 

Randall, J. H., Schultz, T. R., Davis, S. N., Suitability of fluorocarbons as tracers in ground water resource evaluation, unpublished Project Completion Report OWRT No. A-063, University of Arizona, 37 p., November, 1977. 

The fractional Pb monolayer coverages were calculated by comparing the charge under the stripping wave obtained at different potentials with that obtained for a full monolayer on a given electrode surface. A value of 300 ftC cm-2 was used for a complete Pb monolayer as reported by Dickertmann, Koppitz, and Schultze.(30)... 

In 1986, Richard Lerner and Peter Schultz independently reported antibody catalysis of the hydrolysis of aryl esters and of carbonates, respectively (Pollack et al., 1986 Tramontano et al., 1986). Reactions of this type are well... 

Following the first successful examples of catalytic antibodies raised against haptens as transition state analogues (TSAs) reported by Lerner and Schultz, the TSA approach has been applied in a large number of studies in order to generate new biocatalysts for many chemical transformations. According to the transition state theory, the catalytic efficiency ( cat/ uncat) of given enzymatic reaction can be deduced from the thermodynamic cycle (Scheme 1) under ideal conditions. ... 

For the first report of an asymmetric Birch reduction-alkylation, see A. G. Schultz and P. Sundararaman, Tetrahedron Lett., 1984, 25, 4591. 

There is evidence that nicotine also stimulates the DA projections to the dorsal striatum (BenweU and Balfour 1997 Quick 2004). To date, relatively few studies have sought to directly link this response to the drug with behavioural changes associated with dependence. Nevertheless, a number of studies have implicated these projections in the responses to rewarding stimuli, particularly in expectation of reward (Schultz 2006). A failure to deliver an anticipated reinforcer results in transient reduction in the activity of these neurones. Rice and Cragg (2004) have reported that... 

A mixture of intercalating clays is generally found in the subsurface. Interstratification of kaolinite and smectite has been reported in some cases (e.g., Schultz et al. 1971 Lee et al. 1975a, 1975b Yerima et al. 1985). This fact is reflected in an XRD... 

Ocular Effects. JP-5 vapor were irritating to the eyes of two individuals and were associated with hyperemic conjunctiva in one case (Porter 1990). Eye irritation was also reported in workers who were chronically exposed to unspecified jet fuels, which may or may not include JP-5 (Knave et al. 1978). Deodorized kerosene vapor were shown to induce eye irritation in some individuals (Carpenter et al. 1976). Dermal exposure to diesel fuel and/or inhalation of its vapor was associated with subconjunctival hemorrhages in an individual who used it as a shampoo (Barrientos et al. 1977). In the only available animal studies, rabbits exposed dermally to diesel fuel (API 1979b), marine diesel fuel, or JP-5 (Cowan and Jenkins 1981 Schultz et al. 1981) showed no signs of ocular irritation. These data suggest that fuel oils, in general, may induce eye irritation in some individuals, although only one or two individuals... 

Schultz TW, Epler JL, Witschi H, et al. 1981. Health effects research in oil shale development. Oak Ridge National Laboratory report no. ORNL/TM-8034. Oak Ridge, TN Oak Ridge National Laboratory. 

Altman DG, Schultz KF, Moher D, Egger M et al. for the CONSORT Group (2001) The revised CONSORT statement for reporting randomized trials explanation and elaboration Annals of Internal Medicine, 134, 663-694... 

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