Saponins fenugreek

Saponin Fenugreek, Bupleurum chinense, Gyrostemma pentaphyllum, etc. Hypocholesterolemic Miettinen et al. (1995)... 

Trigonella foenum-graecum L. Wu Ru Ba (Fenugreek) (seed) Trigonelline, saponins, flavone derivatives including vitex, saponaretin, isoorientin, vitexin-7-glucoside.33 Reduce plasma cholesterol levels, support hepatic and renal functions. 

Benichou, A., Aserin, A., and Garti, N. 1999. Steroid-saponins from fenugreek seeds extraction, purification and surface properties. J. Dispers. Sci. Technol. 20, 581—605. 

Sauvaire, Y., Ribes, G., Baccou, J., and Loubatieres-Mariani, M. 1991. Implication of steroid saponins and sapogenins in the hypercholesterolemic effect of fenugreek. Lipids 26, 191-197. 

Furostanol-type steroid saponins in fenugreek increased food intake in normal rats significantly, while modifying the circadian rhythm of feeding behaviour in diabetic rats resulted in a progressive weight gain in contrast to untreated diabetic controls. In normal and diabetic rats, steroid... 

Fenugreek is a rich source of various phytochemicals, especially the steroidal saponins. 

Murakami, T., Kishi, A., Matsuda, H. and Yoshikawa, M. (2000) Medicinal foodstuffs. XVII. Fenugreek seed (3). Structures of new furostanol-type steroid saponins, trigoneosides Xa, Xb, Xlb, XIla, XIlb and XIla, from the seeds of Egyptian Trigonella foenum-graecum. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 48(7), 994-1 000. 

Petit, P.R., Sauvaire, Y.D., Hillaire-Buys, D.M., Leconte, O.M., Baissac, Y.G., Ponsin, G.R. and Ribes, G.R. (1995) Steroid saponins from fenugreek seeds extraction, purification, and pharmacological investigation on feeding behavior and plasma cholesterol. Steroids 60(1 0), 674-680. 

Raju, J., Patio I la, J.M., Swamy, M.V. and Rao, C.V. (2004) Diosgenin, a steroid saponin of Trigonella foenum graecum (Fenugreek), inhibits azoxymethane-induced aberrant crypt foci formation in F344 rats and induces apoptosis in HT-29 human colon cancer cells. Annals of New York Academy of Sciences 1 3(8), 1392-1398. 

Yoshikawa, Mv Murakami, T., Komatsu, H., Murakami, N., Yamahara, J. and Matsuda, H. (1 997) Medicinal foodstuffs. IV. Fenugreek seed. (1) Structures of trigoneosides la, lb, lla, Ilia, 11 lb, new furostanol saponins from the seeds of Indian Trigonella foenum-graecum. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 45(1), 81-87. 

These are constituents that form foams when agitated in water-based solutions. They are thought to have antiinflammatory, hemolytic, and expectorant effects. Saponins are found in extracts of yucca, sarsaparilla, alfalfa, fenugreek, licorice, and ginseng. 

Yves S, Baissac Y, Leconte O, Petit P, Ribes G (1996) Steroid Saponins from Fenugreek and Some of Their Biological Properties. Adv Exp Med Biol 405 37... 

Murakami T, Kishi A, Matsuda H, Yoshikawa M (2000) Medicinal Foodstuffs. XVII. Fenugreek Seed. (3) Structures of New Furostanol Type Steroid Saponins, Trigoneo-sides Xa, Xb, Xlb, Xlla, XHb and XHIa, from the Seeds of Egyptian Trigonella foenum-graecum L. Chem Pharm Bull 48 994... 

Fenugreek contains steroidal saponins (0.28-2.2%), notably diosgenin and yamogenin (Taylor et al. 2002 Petropoulos 2002). 

Nakhla, H.B., O.S. Mohamed, I.M. Abu, A.L. Fatuh, and S.E. Adam. 1991. The effect of Trigonella fxnum-graecum (fenugreek) crude saponins on Hisex-type chicks. Vet. Human Toxicol. 33(6) 561-564. 

It was only within the last few years that saponins were rediscovered and their presence was noted in a new category of functional foods consisting of nutraceuticals with health benefits. In many plants seeds the major components are hydrocolloids such as fenugreek gum, locust bean gum (LBG), and guar gum with considerably high concentrations of saponins. It is therefore a trend in some labs to search for new saponin-rich plants from which the saponins can be extracted [87]. 

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