Root parsley

Parsley leaves Curly-leaved parsley Root parsley Giant Italian parsley... 

Bakowski, J., Michalik, H. and Umiecka, L. (1 994) Effect of sowing and harvest date on the quality of root parsley and its storability. Biuletyn Warzywniczy 41, 157-167. 

Elkner, K., Horbowicz, M. and Kosson, R. (1 998) Effect of storage on contents of dietary fibre and its composition in some cultivars of red beet, root parsley and carrot. Vegetable Crops Research Bulletin 49, 107-120. 

Two forms are available, the well-known foliage type, which is used for garnishing and for flavoring soups and stews, and the turnip-rooted sort, which is cooked and used like other root crops. Considerable quantities of rooted parsley are sold in eastern markets where there is a large foreign-born population. 

Two forms of foliage parsley are used—the moss or curled-leaved (fig. 1) and the plain-leaved. In quality they are alike, but the curledleaved is more attractive, and it is grown to the practical exclusion of the other. Moss Curled, Double Curled, and Plain Leaved are well known varieties. The turnip-rooted form, of which Hamburg is the leading variety, is usually listed merely as turnip- or thick-rooted parsley. 

Angelica root Arnica flower Aifise Asafoetida Celery Chamomile Fenugreek Horse chesffiut Licorice root Lovage root Parsley... 

FIGURE 3.8 Differences in the essential oil of fruits, leaves, and roots of parsley cultivars (Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) Nyman), (a) Essential oil content, (b) content of myristicin and apiole in the essential oil. 1, 2— at leaved cv s 3-7—curled leaves cv s 7—root parsley). 

The cause of the typical smell of fresh parsley Petroselinum hortense) is p-mentha-l,3,8-triene (Figure 8.9). As in other vegetables of the Apiaceae family, important substances of root parsley and leaf parsley are phthalides. The main phthalides are sedanenolide, (E)-Hgustilide and butylphthahde, while (Z)- and (E)-butyhdene-phthahde, (Z)-ligustilide, (Z)-sedanolide and 3-butyl-5,6-dihydrophthalide are present in smaller amounts. Other important components of leaf parsley are linalool, P-dtroneUol, methyl... 

Carrots, sugar beet, fodder beet, beetroot, chicory roots, horseradish, Jerusalem artichoke, parsley roots, swedes... 

Plant problems Tunneled roots (top) are the work of the earrot rust fly, while forked roots (oenter) ooour when earrots are grown In stony soil. DIsoolored foliage (bottom, on parsley). Is another sign of root damage by earrot rust fly, which Is attraeted to all family members. 

In the case of the parsley chalcone synthase promoter, this element was shown to be required for UV light induced expression and in vivo footprinting studies demonstrated that the binding of a GBF-like factor was altered upon UV light induction (Block et al., 1990 Schulze-Lefert et al., 1989). The Arabidopsis alcohol dehydrogenase promoter, which mediates anaerobically enhanced root expression, also contains a G-box-like sequence which is bound by a GBF-like factor, both in vivo (Ferl Laughner, 1989) and in vitro (DeLisle Ferl, 1990 McKendree et al.,... 

Oils may contain toxic compounds. For example, Myristicin is the compound that flavors nutmeg and mace it is also found in black pepper and carrot, parsley, and celery seeds. Used in culinary quantities, myristicin is only a flavoring. In massive doses, it causes hallucination. Thujone, the anise-flavored oil in wormwood, caused an epidemic of brain disease in drinkers addicted to the now-banned liquor absinthe. Sassafras contains a toxic oil similar to thujone, which is why it is no longer used to make root beer. Very high doses of menthol, from peppermint, may cause dangerous irregularities in the heart s rhythm (Weiss, 1997)... 

DIURETICS Enhance the secretion of urine.—Broom, Buchu, Celery, Clivers, Eryngo, Gravel Root, Juniper, Parsley Piert, Pellitory-of-the-Wall, Shepherd s Purse, Wild Carrot. 

Apart from culinary uses, parsley is known for its anticancer, antioxidant, diuretic and laxative properties. Photosensitizing, toxic furocoumarines, including psoralen, ber-gaptene and isoimperatorin, have been found in parsley roots, which can induce dermatitis (Peterson et al., 2006). 

Toxic compounds, such as the photosensitizing furocoumarines including psoralen, bergaptene and isoimperatorin (Manderfeld et al., 1997), which can induce dermatitis, have been found in parsley roots, though in very low concentrations (Lagey et al., 1995). The composition of parsley leaves is given in Table 21.1. 

Fischer et al. (1991) have applied a highspeed counter-current chromatography with an Ito multi-layer coil separator-extractor to perform efficient separations of aromarelevant constituents, such as phthalides, from celery and parsley roots. 

Popovid et al. (2007) studied the in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activity of the different extracts of the leaves and root of parsley. All extracts were good scavengers of DPPH and OH radicals and reduced the intensity of lipid peroxidation in vitro. The in vivo effects were evaluated on some antioxidant systems (activities of lipid peroxidase, GSH-peroxidase, peroxidase, catalase and xanthine oxidase and GSH content) in mice liver and blood after treatment with the examined parsley extracts, or in combination with carbon tetrachloride (CC14). On the basis of the results obtained, it can be concluded that the examined extracts exhibited a certain protective effect. However, combined treatments with CC14 and the examined extracts showed both positive... 

Parsley is a biennial herb, native to Southern Europe and Western Asia. The finely chopped leaves are used as flavouring in Central Europe, similar to the use of coriander leaves, in sauces, soups, stuffing, rissoles, minces, etc., and also sprinkled over vegetables or salads. In addition to the leaves, the stems are also dried and powdered, both as a culinary colouring and as a dye. The roots of... 

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