Rice-shaped

Liang, H Yang, H Wang, W, Li, J., and Xu, H. (2009) High-yield uniform synthesis and microstructure-determination of rice-shaped silver nanocrystals,/. Am. Chem. Soc., 131(17), 6068-6069. 

Kosloff R, Rice S A, Gaspard P, Tersigni S and Tannor D J 1989 Wavepacket dancing achieving chemical selectivity by shaping light pulses Chem. Phys. 139 201-20... 

Some common flake-shaped LCMs consist of shredded cellophane and paper, mica (qv), rice hulls, cottonseed hulls, or laminated plastic. These materials He flat across the opening to be sealed or are wedged into an opening such as a fracture. Some are sufficiently strong to withstand considerable differential pressure, whereas others are weak and the seal may be broken easily. Weaker flake materials typically are used near the surface or in combination with fibrous or granular additives. 

In 1975 Wacker-Chemie introduced silicones under the name of m-polymers. These are also room temperature curing liquid polymers which give rubbery materials on cross-linking and are available both as one- and two-component systems. Their particular feature is that they contain dispersions of copolymers such as those of styrene and n-butyl acrylate in the shape of rods or rice grains in the fluid silicone polymer. A small amount of the organic copolymer is also grafted onto the silicone backbone. 

FIGURE 5.6 This is a fractured sample of a ceramic composite (alumina with 30 volume-percent silicon carbide whiskers). The lighter regions of circular or cylindrical shape are randomly oriented whiskers protruding from the fractured surface. The rod-like depressions in the surface mark places where whiskers nearly parallel with the fracture were pulled out. Courtesy, Roy W. Rice, W. R. Grace and Company. 

Connect a Sep-Pak Plus NH2 column with a Sep-Pak Plus Silica column (place the silica column on the elution side). Condition the connected column with 5 mL of n-hexane. Dissolve the residue of rice grains and rice straw (Section 6.3.2) in a small volume of n-hexane and transfer the solution to the column. Elute with 6mL of n-hexane-ethyl acetate (9 1, v/v) and discard the eluate. Remove the NH2 column. Elute the Sep-Pak Plus Silica column with 15 mL of n-hexane-ethyl acetate (4 1, v/v) and collect the eluate in a 50-mL pear-shaped flask. 

It is estimated that between 1000 and 2500 m3 ha-1 of water are required to produce a rice crop in the southern US and generally less than one third of that requirement is met by rainfall [35]. Levees, which separate fields into bays, or paddies, and control flood depth (i.e., by use of gates or spills), are commonly constructed on contours that were surveyed on 3 to 6 cm vertical intervals. This creates winding, contour-shaped levees in fields that are not precision-leveled, whereas precision leveling to a uniform grade of 0.2% or less allows the construction of uniformly spaced, straight levees and may reduce the number of levees required [34]. 

Zeng, H., Rice, P.M., Wang, S.X. and Sun, S.H. (2004) Shape-controlled synthesis and shape-induced texture of MnFe204 nanoparticles. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 126 (37), 11458-11459. 

However, this mode of flow usually is limited to conveying distances of L < 500 m. The Group D materials that possess wide size distributions (especially a considerable amount of fines) and/or unusual particle shape (e.g., crushed coal, petroleum coke, crushed bath, rice hulls) usually are not suited to low-velocity conveying. In these cases, the options are dilute-phase or single-slug dense-phase (i.e., these materials usually are too coarse for bypass conveying). However, when long distances are involved, dilute-phase may be the only practical option. 

Next, the dough is scaled, moulded into shape, and the pieces are placed on a board that has been dusted with maize polenta or rice cones. The pieces are then proved for 0.5 hour. Next, the muffins are baked on a hot plate and flipped over to cook the other side. 

Signs Lesions appear on the leaves of rice plants and vary in size. They are usually diamond shaped and have a gray or white center with a brown or reddish-brown border. Crop loss of 50-90% has been reported. Lesions also appear on the rice head but are brown or black in color. Rice grains do not develop properly. In severe neck infections, the stem will break and the head will drop off. The fungus can infect the roots and also invade the plant s vascular system blocking the transport of nutrients and water from the roots. ... 

Although humans have used, recognized, and studied carbon for centuries, modern scientists are still learning new things about this element. In 1985, a group of researchers at Rice University in Houston, Texas, discovered still another form of carbon, which was named fullerene. Fullerene consists of multiple carbon atoms joined together in spherical or tubelike shapes. Fullerenes are discussed in more detail in Chapter 9. 

G. Birnbaum, B. Guillot and S. Bratos, Theory of Collision-induced Line Shapes - Absorption and Light Scattering at Low Densities, in Advances in Chemical Physics, vol. 51, I. Prigogine and S. A. Rice, eds., Wiley, New York, 1982. 

S. A. Rice My answer to Prof. Manz is that, as I indicated in my presentation, both the Brumer-Shapiro and the Tannor-Rice control schemes have been verified experimentally. To date, control of the branching ratio in a chemical reaction, or of any other process, by use of temporally and spectrally shaped laser fields has not been experimentally demonstrated. However, since all of the control schemes are based on the fundamental principles of quantum mechanics, it would be very strange (and disturbing) if they were not to be verified. This statement is not intended either to demean the experimental difficulties that must be overcome before any verification can be achieved or to imply that verification is unnecessary. Even though the principles of the several proposed control schemes are not in question, the implementation of the analysis of any particular case involves approximations, for example, the neglect of the influence of some states of the molecule on the reaction. Moreover, for lack of sufficient information, our understanding of the robustness of the proposed control schemes to the inevitable uncertainties introduced by, for example, fluctuations in the laser field, is very limited. Certainly, experimental verification of the various control schemes in a variety of cases will be very valuable. 

The solution to Eqs. (4.9)-(4.14) must, in general, be obtained by numerical analysis. The reader is referred to the literature for the techniques used. We consider, as an example, calculation of the optimal pulse shapes for generation of products for (essentially) the same model system studied by Tan-nor, Kosloff, and Rice (see above). Some of the results [6] of the calculations are shown in Figs. (7) and (8). 

In general, the results of the calculations establish that it is possible to guide the reaction to preferentially form one or the other product with high yield. Note that, unlike the original Tannor-Rice pump-dump scheme, in which the pulse sequences that favor the different products have different temporal separations, the complex optimal pulses occupy about the same time window. Indeed, the optimal pulse shape that generates one product is very crudely like a two-pulse sequence, which suggests that the mechanism of the enhancement of product formation in this case is that the time delay between the pulses is such that the wavepacket on the excited-state... 

We call the reader s attention to the similarity between Eqs. (4.17) and (4.5). The result obtained by Wilson and co-workers is more general that the Tannor-Rice result in that the latter calculates the field that maximizes the product yield for a pump pulse with given shape whereas the former makes no restriction concerning the shape of the pump pulse and does not assume that the pump and dump pulses can be distinguished from one another. 

S. A. Rice The coupled matter-radiation system considered in the control schemes can, indeed, be studied from the point of view of dressed potential-energy surfaces, as suggested by the remark by Prof. Quack. We find it more convenient to use the equivalent point of view of continuous transfer of amplitude back and forth between the undressed potential-energy surfaces, because the formalism we have developed calculates the temporally and spectrally shaped field for that dynamical representation. 

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