Retrieval methods

On NDTnet both retrieval methods are optimally combined, however that is only successfully because the content on the server is extensive and valuable (Table 2). A full text search with all advanced search features is available and the site also provides a table of contents for each month and archives are organized in subjects together with an alphabetical index. 

Besides such textual databases that provide bibhographic information, sequence databases have attained an even more important role in biochemistry. Sequence databases are composed of amino add sequences of peptides or proteins as well as nudeotide sequences of nudeic acids. The 20 amino adds are mostly represented by a three-letter code or by one letter according to the biochemical conventions) the four nudeic adds are defined by a one-letter code. Thus the composition of a biochemical compound is searchable by text retrieval methods. 

To seat ch for available starting materials, similarity searches, substructure searches, and some classical retrieval methods such as full structure searches, name searches, empirical formula searches, etc., have been integrated into the system. All searches can be applied to a number of catalogs of available fine chemicals (c.g, Fluka 154]. In addition, compound libraries such as in-housc catalogs can easily be integrated. 

Yano S, Kashima K, Daa T, et al. An antigen retrieval method using an alkaline solution allows immunoelectron microscopic identification of secretory granules in conventional epoxy-embedded tissue sections. /. Histochem. Cytochem. 2003 51 199-204. 

Namimatsu S, Ghazizadeh M, Sugisaki Y. Reversing the effects of formalin fixation with citraconic anhydride and heat a universal antigen retrieval method. J. Histochem. Cytochem. 2005 53 3-11. 

Evers P, Uylings HB. An optimal antigen retrieval method suitable for different antibodies on human brain tissue stored for several years in formaldehyde fixative. I. Neurosci. Methods 1997 72 197-207. 

Jiao Y, Sun Z, Lee T, et al. A simple and sensitive antigen retrieval method for free-floating and slide-mounted tissue sections./. Neurosci. Methods 1999 93 149-162. 

Note The table shows the number of participants (N) using a particular retrieval method along with the percentage (%) which have achieved an acceptable level of staining. 

Ramos-Vara J, Beissenherz M. Optimization of immunohistochemical methods using two different antigen retrieval methods on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues experience with 63 markers. I. Vet. Diagn. Invest. 2000 12 307-311. 

Figure 20.3 SDS-PAGE of proteins extracted from archival fresh-frozen (lane 2) and FFPE (lane 3) GBM tissue using the antigen retrieval method. Reproduced with permission from Reference 14.

This is an important observation given that plasma membrane proteins are often used as markers of disease. This experiment demonstrated that shotgun proteomic analysis could be successfully performed on microdis-sected, formalin-fixed tissues using the antigen retrieval method with a sensitivity equal to that of analysis of the soluble fraction of a fresh-frozen sample. 

Hyatt MA (2002) Microscopy, Immunohistochemistry, and Antigen Retrieval Methods For Light and Electron Microscopy. Plenum, New York... 

Man, Y-g. and Tavassoli, F. A. (1996) A simple epitope retrieval method without the use of microwave oven or enzyme digestion. Appl. Immunohistochem. 4, 139-141. 

Standard MWO Antigen Retrieval Method—Basic Method (5,6,15,17,19)... 

Brown, C. Antigen retrieval methods for immunohistochemistry. Toxicol. Pathol. 

The core of the EntityDictionaryDao is in the retrieve...() methods. Here we assume the entity dictionaries are stored in a relational database. They can also be accessed from other types of data sources, such as web service, XML, and flat files. The point is to transform them into something that can be accessed easily and quickly by CRS. Take a closer look at the retrievePersonnel() method. Like most other retrieve...() methods, retrievePersonnel() returns a Map. What is in the Map depends on what kind of lookups the clients want to use to access the personnel dictionary. In the context of CRS, the personnel data can be accessed by its entirety, the research site where the person is located, person id, person s full name, or person s username. Therefore, the Map that retrievePersonnel() returns has four Collections—an entire personnel list, a site-people map, a person id-person map, a person s full name-person map, and a username-person map. 

The other retrieve...() methods are all implemented more or less in the same way as retrievePersonnel() and become self-explanatory once retrievePersonnel() is understood. 

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