Demonstration experiment

This simple experiment, illustrating that alcohol can be oxidized without the development of a flame, had already been performed by Davy in around 1825 and formed the basis of the first practical application of a catalyst, namely Davy s mine lamp. 

---

The preparation of synthetic polymers is hardly suitable for the ordinary organic laboratory. However, a few simple demonstration experiments are described below which, it is hoped, will provide an elementary introduction to the subject. 

There is an interesting demonstration experiment that you can do with a rubber band, preferably a large and/or thick one. Touch the unstretched rubber band to your lips. Then, stretch the rubber band... 

PA-6,10 is synthesized from 1,6-hexamethylenediamine and sebacic acid, and PA-6,12 from 1,6-hexamethylenediamine and dodecanedioic acid. The melt synthesis from their salts is very similar to PA-6,6 (see Example 1). These diacids are less susceptible to thermal degradation.55 PA-6,10 can also be synthesized by interfacial methods at room temperature starting with the very reactive sebacyl dichloride.4 35 A demonstration experiment for interfacial polycondensation without stirring can be carried out on PA-6,10. In this nice classroom experiment, a polymer rope can be pulled from the polymerization interface.34... 

Aluminothermic reduction is one among the few pyrometallurgical processes where the actual process closely follows the route theoretically predicted from thermodynamic data. This characteristic, coupled with the simplicity associated with the whole process, makes it well suited for demonstration experiments. The reduction of magnetite by aluminum is a suitable example in this context. 

To exploit the numerous applications for floating catalyst VGCF in engineered plastics, production rates are projected to be on the order of several pounds per hour from a single tube reactor. Demonstration experiments on a small scale have shown feasibility of accomplishing the desired rate of production. Economic production of such quantities will involve recapture of energy in the heated unreacted gas which exits the reactor, as well as automated collection, debulking, and preform fabrication systems. 

Figure 23 Black box for observation of the energy transfer and energy migration demonstration experiments (1) Mag-Lite A A flashlight, (2) Schott DAD 8-1 interference filter at 486.7 5 nm, (3) sample, (4) Schott OG 515 cutoff filter.

To demonstrate liquid-fueled active combustion control, instability suppression experiments were performed under several conditions. Figure 21.6 shows the dump combustor set-up used in the demonstration experiments. Three configurations in which naturally unstable oscillations were observed are shown. Table 21.1 lists the specific flow conditions where instabilities occurred. The case number in the table corresponds to the combustor configuration used. 

The present study was conducted in an effort to better understand ACC mechanisms and to design practical ACC based on pulsed liquid-fuel injection suitable for propulsion devices. The controller utilized a simple fixed phase-delay approach that has been studied previously, but the direct liquid-fuel injection and the novel use of vortex-droplet interaction made the present study unique. The demonstration experiment in a 102-millimeter dump combustor showed that combustion instabilities can be successfully suppressed using properly designed pulsed liquid-fuel injection. 

Demonstrated experience with hydrogen transmission grids. 

The reaction pathway for rhodium-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of enamides is described and intermediates are defined in solution by P-31, C-13, and H-l NMR. The stereochemical relationship of bound enamide to rhodium alkyl and to the product of hydrogenation is demonstrated. Experiments involving the addition of HD to a variety of olefins in the presence of rhodium biphosphine catalysts suggest that a concerted addition of hydrogen to olefin and metal may occur in appropriate cases. 

Most FTMS instrument and method development research has been focussed on demonstration experiments. Examples include coupling FTMS with various sample introduction schemes (e.g., GC, LC, supercritical fluid chromatography), sample ionization (e.g., LD, pulsed SIMS, Cf-252 PDMS, etc.), and demonstrating application to various interesting classes of chemical compounds. These demonstrations are useful because they are indications of the potential of the technique. However, few reports of the routine use of FTMS for trace analysis, for accurate mass, and for structure determination of unknowns have yet appeared. One reason is that FT mass spectrometers are not widely spread in the hands of users. Another is that FTMS is not yet routine. Most of the demonstration experiments have been done in expert laboratories by committed and highly focussed graduate students and postdoctoral researchers. 

INTEGRATED LABORATORY SCALE DEMONSTRATION EXPERIMENT OF THE HYBRID SULPHUR CYCLE AND PRELIMINARY SCALE-UP... 

Integrated laboratory scale demonstration experiment of the hybrid sulphur cycle and preliminary scale-up... 

To sum up, QDs have finally taken the step from pure demonstration experiments to real applications and, although QDs will probably never replace organic fluoro-phores as such, they could become the dominant fluorescence labels in certain types of immunoassays in the near future.31... 

---