Resonant ionization mass spectrometry

Johnson SG, Fearey BL (1993) Spectroscopic study of thorium using continuous-wave resonance ionization mass-spectrometry with rrltraviolet ionization. Spectrochim Acta Part B 48 1065-1077 Knoll GF (1989) Radiation Detection and Measurement. J. Wiley and Sons, New York Kuss HM (1992) Applications of microwave digestion technique for elemental analyses. Fresenins J Anal Chem 343 788-793... 

Resonance Ionization Mass Spectrometry Reference Material... 

Koide et al. [528,529] determined osmium in seawater by passing the water down an anion exchange resin column, followed by distillation of the osmium tetroxide and detection by resonance ionization mass spectrometry. 

K. Wendt, K. Blaum, B. A. Bushaw, C. Griming, R. Horn, G. Huber, J. V. Kratz, P. Kunz, P. Muller, W. Nortershauser, M. Nunnemann, G. Passler, A. Schmitt, N. Trautmann, and A. Waldek. Recent Developments in and Applications of Resonance Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Fresenius. J. Anal. Chem., 364(1999) 471-477. 

B. A. Properties and Performance of a Quadrapole Mass Filter Used for Resonance Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Int. J. Mass Spectrom. 1998,181, 67-87. 

RIMS See resonant ionization mass spectrometry. rimz or ar T em es ring org chem A closed loop of bonded atoms In a chemical structure, for example, benzene or cyclohexane. rir ... 

Resonance ionization mass spectrometry (RIMS) is much more efficient at getting ions into the detectors. First, atoms are removed from the sample surface with a pulsed laser, which can release the atoms thermally without ionizing them. Then, by using carefully tuned lasers, the element of interest in the resulting gas plume can be ionized at almost 100% efficiency, while other elements are not ionized at all. The ions are extracted into a time-of-flight... 

Resonance-ionization mass-spectrometry is still in the development stage in terms of its application to cosmochemistry. The Charisma instrument, which is operated by Argonne National Laboratories, uses multiple lasers to resonantly ionize only the elements of interest, which are then analyzed with a time-of-flight mass spectrometer. The Charisma instrument has made isotopic measurements of molybdenum, zirconium, strontium, ruthenium, barium and other elements in presolar grains. These measurements are made possible by the high ionization efficiency of the RIMS technique and its ability to completely eliminate isobaric interferences. Work is now underway to build a RIMS instrument that can be operated by an individual investigator in a university laboratory. If this succeeds, RIMS will play an increasing role in analysis of extraterrestrial materials. 

Resonance ionization mass spectrometry as a combination of resonance laser ionization with mass spectrometry can be performed on gas atoms only. Therefore, in RIMS of solid samples, before resonance ionization, a neutral gas has to be produced using several methods known from solid state mass spectrometry. During the evaporation of solid material, e.g., by laser evaporation, thermal evaporation or by sputtering with a primary ion beam, the formation of ions should to be avoided. In RIMS, mostly the thermal evaporation of sample from a heated W or Re filament is applied. 

Resonant and non-resonant laser post-ionization of sputtered uranium atoms using SIRIS (sputtered initited resonance ionization spectroscopy) and SNMS (secondary neutral mass spectrometry) in one instrument for the characterization of sub-pm sized single microparticles was suggested by Erdmann et al.94 Resonant ionization mass spectrometry allows a selective and sensitive isotope analysis without isobaric interferences as demonstrated for the ultratrace analysis of plutonium from bulk samples.94 Unfortunately, no instrumental equipment combining both techniques is commercially available. 

Presolar grains are found in small quantities (with concentrations of ppb to several 100 ppm, see Table 2.1) in all types of primitive Solar System materials (Lodders Amari 2005 Zinner 2007). This includes primitive meteorites (the chondrites), IDPs, some of which might originate from comets, Antarctic micrometeorites (AMMs), and samples from comet Wild 2 collected by NASA s Stardust mission. Presolar grains are nanometer to micrometer in size. The isotopic compositions, chemistry, and mineralogy of individual grains with sizes >100 nm can be studied in the laboratory. Important analysis techniques are secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) and resonance ionization mass spectrometry (RIMS)... 

Whereas in LIMS only one laser with defined wavelength (e.g., Nd YAG - 1064 nm) is used for direct vaporization and ionization of solid samples in laser plasma, in resonance ionization mass spectrometry (RIMS) " one or more lasers are tuned precisely to the wavelength required for the excited states and ionization of evaporated atoms in order to get a highly selective ionization of the analyte. The basic principles of resonant ionization were first described by Hurst and coworkers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory as well as by Letokhov et in Russia. The technology... 

Stable Isotope Measurements with Thermal and Resonance Ionization Mass Spectrometry... 

Thermal ionization mass spectrometry has been used extensively in the geological nuclear and analytical sciences for stable isotope measurements A new technique resonance ionization mass spectrometry offers a comprehensive approach to sensitive and selective elemental and isotopic analysis Recent developments in thermal and resonance ionization mass spectrometry are reviewed) and specific applications of the technology to zinc and calcium metabolism studies and to trace element analysis of foodstuffs are summarized ... 

Figure 1C. Periodic table depicting utility of RIMS, a. Elements for which resonance ionization feasibility has been demonstrated at NBS using thermal atomization b> elements for which ionization feasibility has been demonstrated in other laboratories using resonance ionization mass spectrometry (38-Ul> UU-32) c, elements for which isotope dilution RIMS have been achieved at NBS and d, potentially applicable for resonance ionization via two and three photon processes (Schemes 1, 2, and 5 of Figure U), using the BIMS system in Figure 6.

As the preceding discussion describes thermal ionization from hot surfaces has limited scope A new and comprehensive method of ionization is evolving that appears capable of ionizing nearly every element in the periodic table (11 >38-42) Coupled with thermal vaporization processes and mass spectrometry resonance ionization has already been used in our laboratory to demonstrate ionization feasibility for more than one-fourth of the elements in the periodic table ( ) The current status of feasibility demonstration for atomic resonance ionization mass spectrometry in this and other labora torles Is summarized in Figure 1C (39-41>44-52) This summary Includes experiments performed with thermal and ion sputter-initiated techniques ... 

Systematlcs of Multielement Analysis Using Resonance Ionization Mass Spectrometry and Thermal Atomization, in preparation 44 Winograd,N Baxter,J P Kimock,F M Chem>... 

Hi) Methods based on mass spectrometry Spark-source mass spectrometry Glow-discharge mass spectrometry Inductively coupled-plasma mass spectrometry Electro-thermal vaporization-lCP-MS Thermal-ionization mass spectrometry Accelerator mass spectrometry Secondary-ion mass spectrometry Secondary neutral mass spectrometry Laser mass spectrometry Resonance-ionization mass spectrometry Sputter-initiated resonance-ionization spectroscopy Laser-ablation resonance-ionization spectroscopy... 

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