Stable isotope measurement

Masters, P.M. 1987 Preferential preservation of noncollagenous protein during bone diagenesis Implications for chronometric and stable isotopic measurements. Geochimica et CosmochimicaActa 51 3209-3214. 

There are a number of light stable isotope measurements that provide very important data in the study of paleoclimates to better understand and interpret anthropogenic contributions to present-day climate change (Fritz and Fontes 1980). These measurements involve the determination of carbon and oxygen isotopes in fresh-... 

Flegal and Stokes [59] have described a sample processing technique necessary for avoiding lead contamination of seawater samples prior to lead stable isotope measurements by thermal ionisation mass spectrometry. Levels down to 0.02 ng/kg were determined. 

We used the measurements of organic carbon and uranium in a sea core, made by Paul R. Doose, Emil K. Kalil, and I. R. Kaplan of the University of California at Los Angeles, and we compared our stable isotope measurements with Hans Suess measurements of radiocarbon in the bristlecone pine ring sequence prepared by Wesley Fergusson, (see fig. 27), Suess at the University of California at San Diego, and Fergusson at the University of Arizona, Tucson. 

Bell, L.S., Cox, G. and Sealy, J. (2001). Determining isotopic life history trajectories using bone density fractionation and stable isotope measurements a new approach. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 116 66-79. 

Gonfiantini, R., W. Stichler, and K. Rozanski. 1995. Standards and intercomparison materials distributed by the International Atomic Energy Agency for stable isotope measurements. In Reference and Intercomparison Materials for Stable Isotopes of Light Elements. International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, IAEA-TECDOC-825, pp. 13-29. 

Fig. 1.8 Schematic representation of a gas-source mass spectrometer for stable isotope measurements, P denotes pumping system, V denotes a variable volume...

Fischer TP, Hilton DR, Zimmer MM, Shaw AM, Sharp ZD, Walker JA (2002) Subduction and recycling of nitrogen along the Central American margin. Science 297 1154-1157 Fitzsimons ICW, Harte B, Clark RM (2000) SIMS stable isotope measurement counting statistics and analytical precision, Min Mag 64 59-83... 

Gonfiantini R (1978) Standards for stable isotope measurements in natural compounds. Nature 271 534-536... 

Occurrence and Rates of Sulfate Reduction. Sulfate reduction is widespread in lakes, as evidenced by depletion of sulfate in sediment pore waters. Pore-water profiles showing depletion of sulfate have been published for more than 35 lakes (e.g., 98, 99). An absence of sulfate depletion in pore waters does not indicate an absence of sulfate reduction. Sulfate depletion was not evident in pore waters of McNearney Lake, but stable isotope measurements indicated that low rates of sulfate reduction must occur (1). Sulfate depletion was noted in 15 of 17 lakes in northeastern North America and Norway (80, 98), but uptake of 35S042 occurred even in two lakes in which no sulfate depletion was observed. Sulfate production and reduction can occur concurrently, and the former may exceed the latter. 

The ratio of certain stable isotopes, principally 13C/12C and 180/160, varies with geographical location where climatic effects change the proportions of the isotopes available to plants. Stable isotope measurements can be carried out... 

Maximum Attainable Precision Of Stable Isotope Measurements... 

Methods of Isotopic Measurement. Two methods of stable isotope measurement are applicable 1) Mass Spectrometry, and 2) Neutron Activation Analysis. The former is described elsewhere in this volume and so we will provide a brief description of the latter method. We have given more detailed discussions elsewhere (, 9 ). 

Stable Isotope Measurements with Thermal and Resonance Ionization Mass Spectrometry... 

Thermal ionization mass spectrometry has been used extensively in the geological nuclear and analytical sciences for stable isotope measurements A new technique resonance ionization mass spectrometry offers a comprehensive approach to sensitive and selective elemental and isotopic analysis Recent developments in thermal and resonance ionization mass spectrometry are reviewed) and specific applications of the technology to zinc and calcium metabolism studies and to trace element analysis of foodstuffs are summarized ... 

At the National Bureau of Standards (NBS) a long term program in highly accurate and precise stable Isotope measurements has provided the measurement basis to support research and development in the geological community and nuclear industry This technology transfer has occurred in the form of state-of-the-art instrumentation isotopic Standard Reference Materia 1s(SRM s) and methodology development for chemical separations and isotopic analysis In support of other NBS programs mass spectrometry has been used to accurately measure trace element concentrations in a wide variety of... 

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