Resin furniture manufacture

Amino resins are manufactured throughout the industrialized world to provide a wide variety of useful products. Adhesives (qv), representing the largest single market, are used to make plywood, chipboard, and sawdust board. Other types are used to make laminated wood beams, parquet flooring, and for furniture assembly (see Wood-BASED composites and laminates). 

Whereas UF-resins are mainly used for interior boards (for use in dry conditions, e.g. in furniture manufacturing), a higher hydrolysis resistance can be achieved by incorporating melamine and phenol into the resin (melamine-fortified UF-resins. 

Textile Industry UF Resin Manufacture Hosp i taI PathoIogy Plywood Manufacture Acid cure varnishes Furniture Manufacture Fertilizer Manufacture Foundry Manufacturers... 

Durethan . [Bayen Miles] Nylon 6 and 6/6 resins, some glass teinfoi engineering idastic for automotive, household appliances, building construction, furniture manufacture, and packaging qiplics. ftM inj. molding and extrusion. 

Particle board from furniture manufacturing waste presents a unique disposal problem because of the urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin used in binding the wood particles and the polymer-laminated coatings. Many thousands of tons of wood wastes are produced in each furniture plant annually in the form of cutoff pieces and sawdust. The composite materials may form toxic and corrosive gases during combustion, and wastes must be landfilled or burned in an incinerator that safely consumes the resin and plastic materials as well as the wood. Landfilling this waste currently costs millions of dollars per year for a good-sized furniture plant. Thus an environmentally and economically feasible... 

Occupations involved with manufacturing furniture, cabinets and fixtures can involve handling materials made of wood, laminates, metal, synthetics, plastics resins, reeds, rattan, upholstery fabric, leather, adhesives, and finishing products. For simplicity, the general categories of fabrication, assembly, repair, finishing, and upholstery are discussed. Table i gives examples of some of the job titles used in furniture manufacture. 

Para-tertiary-buty pheno formaldehyde resin (PTBP-F-R) is a polycondensate of para-tertiary-butylphenol and formaldehyde. Major occupational sources are neoprene glues and adhesives in industry, in the shoemaking and leather industry or in car production. It is also used as a box preservative in box and furniture manufacture, and in the production of casting moulds, car-brake linings, insulated electrical cables, adhesives, printing inks and paper laminates. Para-tertiary-butyl-phenol is the sensitizer. 

Plate 20 A general view of a Grecon laminating machine which is used to bond resin-impregnated paper foils to chipboard prior to its subsequent use in furniture manufacture. An emulsion adhesive is applied to the board and dried with infra-red heaters. The foil to be bonded is pressed onto the board with heated rollers. The heat softens the dried adhesive and causes it to form a strong water-resistant bond on cooling. Production rates are high nine 12 x 6 (360 X 180 cm) boards are produced every minute. Material 083-1217 one-component emulsion adhesive manufactured by National Adhesives Resins Ltd. 

UPRs are apphed as a coating for wood, mainly in furniture manufacturing. For that apphcation, two-component hquid resin systems are formulated. One component contains the peroxide initiator, whereas another one is addi-tivated with a cobalt promoter. For the coating of particle board and other substrates, fast-cimable UPR systems with UV photoinitiators are used. Re-... 

Fumaric acid occurs naturally in many plants and is named after Fumaria officinalis, a climbing aimual plant, from which it was first isolated. It is also known as (E)-2-butenedioic acid, aHomaleic acid, boletic acid, Hchenic acid, or /n j -l,2-ethylenedicarboxylic acid. It is used as a food acidulant and as a raw material in the manufacture of unsaturated polyester resins, quick-setting inks, furniture lacquers, paper sizing chemicals, and aspartic acid [56-84-8]. 

Natural and synthetic resins are organic compounds easily found in art objects either as varnishes and protective coatings or binding media, adhesives, consolidants and finishing layers. They are mainly used in manufacturing paintings, but also in pottery, furniture and wooden objects, sculptures, musical instruments and works on paper. In addition, natural and synthetic resins have widespread use as conservation materials. 

Uses. About 60% of the MA produced is used to make unsaturated polyester and aikyd resins, which are formed by reaction of MA with glycols. Polyester resins are used in the fabrication of glass fiber reinforced parts. Applications include boat hulls, automobile body parts, patio furniture, shower stalls, and pipe. Aikyd resins are mostly used in coatings (paint, varnish, lacquers, and enamels). MA also is widely used as a chemical intermediate in the manufacture of plasticizers and dibasic acids (fumaric, maleic, and succinic). About 15% of MA production goes into the manufacture of viscosity index improvers and dispersants used as additives in lube oils. Several agricultural chemicals are based on maleic anhydride, the best known being Malathion. 

Referring back to Fig. 16.1, we see that the value of U.S. shipments for cellulosic and noncellulosic fibers, though quite small compared to plastics, is still a big industry. While Plastics Materials and Resins (NAICS 325211) in 1998 was 44.9 billion, Noncellulosic Fibers (NAICS 325222) was 10.5 billion and Cellulosic Fibers (NAICS 325221) was 1.5 billion. These two fibers together have a 12.0 billion value, which is 3% of Chemical Manufacturing. We must also remember that many of these fibers are sold outside the chemical industry, such as in Textile Mill Products, Apparel, and Furniture, all large segments of the economy. The importance of fibers is obvious. In 1920 U.S. per capita use was 30 Ib/yr, whereas in 1990 it was 66 Ib/yr. From 1920 to 1970 the most important fiber by far was cotton. 

Brominated Epoxy Resins. The conventional DGEBA epoxy resins are flammable when cured. In an adhesive, flammability is generally not considered critically important because the mass of adhesive in any one area is relatively small. However, in certain applications (printed-circuit manufacture, aircraft interiors, furniture, etc.) nonflammability is an important criterion. Flame-retardant additives and chlorinated curing agents have been used to impart nonflammability to epoxy resins. 

Controlled or directed oxidation is of great technical importance. Especially in the field of hydrocarbon oxidation, where a great number of side reactions are possible, it is essential that selective catalysts be found. The discovery of a catalyst capable of directing the oxidation of such hydrocarbons as are found in natural or refinery waste gases to formaldehyde alone without at the same time accelerating the oxidation of this compound to waste products would be extremely valuable, since the availability of very cheap formaldehyde would make possible cheap synthetic resins haring such unique uses as in the manufacture of furniture or automobile bodies. 

---