Regulations, codes and standards

Today s rapidly increasing activities on hydrogen focus mostly on vehicle applications and less on stationary applications. For fuel cells, stationary applications are also relevant, but natural gas will be the dominant fuel here. The dominance of the transport sector is also reflected in the hydrogen roadmaps developed, among others, in the EU, the USA, Japan, or at an international level. Whereas in the beginning, onsite or decentralised production options based on fossil fuels or electricity are seen as the major option for hydrogen production, later on central production options will dominate the market. Here, several options could play a role, from coal, with carbon capture and sequestration, through natural gas and renewables (wind, biomass) to nuclear. A C02-free or lean vision can be identified in every roadmap. The cost 

8 For an overview of ongoing activities and developments see, for instance, the EC (2006b) the EIHP (2004) HarmonHy (2006), Joseck and Davis (2006) and http //hcsp.ansi.org. 

The consumer acceptance in the transport sector seems to be no barrier to the introduction of hydrogen. All analysed studies show that there is a great acceptance, but a low knowledge level for hydrogen technologies. Males and people with a higher education level seem to have a greater acceptance. 

The establishment of internationally harmonised and consistent regulations, codes and standards is essential for the commercialisation of hydrogen-based products and systems. 

Altmann, M. and Grasel, C. (1998). The Acceptance of Hydrogen Technologies. www.HyWeb.de/accepth2. 

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This chapter discusses regulations, codes, and standards currently in use in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, and Europe for selecting, testing, and certification of flame arresters. 

HarmonHy (2006). HarmonHy Harmonization of Regulations, Codes and Standards for a Sustainable Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technology. Support Action funded by the European Commission under the 6th Framework Programme. www.harmonhy.com. 

R D RAR RCS RD D RES RES-E RME Research and development Reasonably assured resources Regulations, codes and standards Research, development and demonstration Renewable energy sources Renewable energy sources for electricity generation Rapeseed methyl ester... 

Regulations, Codes, and Standards Relevant to Fire Issues in the United States... 

North American fire safety requirements are based on an assortment of regulations, codes and standards and are not and probably will never be, uniform. It is important, therefore, to start by defining the terms to be used and then discussing the various organizations involved. 

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