Receptors Antigenicity

Macrophage scavenger receptor antigen Baird s beaked whale, short-finned pilot whale, Risso s dolphins, bottlenose dolphins, and pantropical spotted dolphins Liver macrophages Cross-reactive [101]... 

Hinglais, N., Kazatchkine, M., Mandet, C., Appay, M., and Bariety, J. (1989) Human liver Kupffer cells express CRT, CR3, and CR4 complement receptor antigens. Lab Invest. 61, 509-513. 

Fig. I. Endocytic pathways used by cells to internalize soluble macromolecules [25] fluid-phase pinocytosis (1), adsorptive pinocytosis (2), and receptor-mediated endocytosis (pinocytosis) (6). Each of these processes involves a formation of a sealed vesicle formed from the plasma membrane which encloses part of the extracellular medium. The internalization of a polymer-drug conjugate (P-D), and targeted polymer-drug conjugate ( => —P-D) is shown. Other abbreviations — = cell surface receptor/antigen 1 = clathrin molecule X = lysosomal enzyme. Fluid-phase pinocytosis (1) and adsorptive pinocytosis (2) are nonspecific processes which direct the macromolecule into the lysosomal compartment of the cell. Once P-D is internalized, whether by (1) or (2), the resulting endosome (3) is ultimately fused with a primary lysosome (4) forming a secondary lysosome (5). In the latter compartment P-D is in contact with several types of lysosomal enzymes. The membrane of (5) is impermeable to macromolecules. Consequently, the structure of P-D may be designed in such...

Insoluble Surface receptors (e.g., insulin receptor), antigens (e.g., viral coat proteins)... 

Onda T, Laface D, Baier G, Brunner T, Honma N, Mikayama T, Altman A, Green DR, A phage display system for detection of T cell receptor-antigen interactions, Mol. Immunol., 32(17/18) 1387—1397, 1995. 

R. Konig, S. Fleury, and R.N. Germain. 1996. The structural basis of CD4-MHC class II interactions Coreceptor contributions to T cell receptor antigen recognition and oligomerization-dependent signal transduction Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol. 205 19-46. (PubMed)... 

Binding partners and their interaction kinetics (e.g., to bind a receptor antigen, an antagonistic mAb will have to compete with the endogenous ligand)... 

Assessment of Receptors, Antigens and Extracellular Matrix Proteins... 

Kazatchkine MD, Fearon DT, Appay MD, Mandet C, Bariety J. Immunohistochemical study of the human glomerular Qb receptor in normal kidney and in seventy-five cases of renal diseases loss of C3b receptor antigen in focal hyalinosis and in proliferative nephritis of systemic lupus erythematosus. J Clin Invest 1982 69 900-912. 

To develop an efficient siRNA cancer therapy, targeted delivery of siRNA to tumor cells is the primary requisite to overcome nonspecific side effects, as well as increase the therapeutic effect. Most cancer cells express unique or overexpressed receptors/antigens on their cell surface which can bind various ligands including antibodies, antibody fragments, small molecules, peptides, and aptamers. A number of tumor-specific ligands have been modified to the siRNA delivery system to enhance the specific cellular uptake in tumor cells. The most commonly used ligands are described below. 

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