Radio hazard

When fired electrically, fireworks are connected to wirebridge fuseheads. The fuseheads can inadvertently ignite if subjected to radio hazard (RAD HAZ) when in the vicinity of radio frequency sources such as cellular (mobile) telephones or walkie-talkie radios. Further advice on this should be sought from the makers of the wirebridge fuseheads and of the communication equipment because the characteristics of all these items can vary to some extent. 

---

Having inspected the bring area, the fall-out area and the spectators enclosure, it is time to consult the check-list and to commence the unloading of the breworks. It is prudent to place NO SMOKING signs within 50 metres of all breworks, and mobile communication equipment should be banned from the vicinity because of the radio hazard if the display is to be bred electrically. 

RAD HAz OR RE HAz Radio Hazard. The hazard associated with the use of electro-explosive devices (EEDs) such as wirebridge fuseheads in the vicinity of radio-frequency transmitting equipment (BS 6657 Prevention of Inadvertent Initiation of Electro-explosive Devices by Radio-frequency Radiation). 

It is reported that mild carbon steels may be effectively protected by as little as 55 ppm of KTc04 in aerated distilled water at temperatures up to 250oC. This corrosion protection is limited to closed systems, since technetium is radioative and must be confined. 9sTc has a specific activity of 6.2 X lOs Bq/g. Activity of this level must not be allowed to spread. 99Tc is a contamination hazard and should be handled in a glove box. 

Stray Electrical Currents and Induced Radio Frequency Currents. For information on stray currents see API 2003 [3j. For information on both hazards see the author s review Sources of Ignition in [157]. Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) Damage to Electronic Equipment. Marine Tankers and Barges (see [5] ISGOTT ). 

Provisions for primary and emergeney eommunieations (internal, e.g. with staff, emergeney personnel, and external, e.g. with die press, emergeney serviees, hospital, employees relatives, telephone links and radios) require eareful assessment. If diere is a flammable hazard on site, radios may need to be intrinsieally safe or flameproof. 

GS21 Assessment of the radio frequency ignition hazard to process plants where flammable... 

Shredded circuit boards. Circuit boards are metal boards that hold computer chips, thermostats, batteries, and other electronic components. Circuit boards can be found in computers, televisions, radios, and other electronic equipment. When this equipment is thrown away, these boards can be removed and recycled. Whole circuit boards meet the definition of scrap metal, and are therefore exempt from hazardous waste regulation when recycled. On the other hand, some recycling processes involve shredding the board. Such shredded boards do not meet the exclusion for recycled scrap metal. In order to facilitate the recycling of such materials, U.S. EPA excluded recycled shredded circuit boards from the definition of solid waste, provided that they are stored in containers sufficient to prevent release to the environment, and are free of potentially dangerous components, such as mercury switches, mercury relays, nickel-cadmium batteries, and lithium batteries. 

Dev, H., Bridges, J.E., and Sresty, G.C., Decontamination of hazardous waste substances from spills and uncontrolled waste sites by radio frequency in situ heating, in Hazardous Material Spills Conference Proceedings, Government Institutes, Rockville, MD, 1984. 

The third potentially most hazardous kind of projects is trunk pipelines. There are trunk pipelines in Ukraine that are tens, hundreds, and even thousands of kilometers long, through which hundreds of thousand and million cubic meters of oil, gas condensate, gas, ammonia, toxic chemical waste, mineral ore-dressing waste, including radio-active one, are pumped over long distances. 

Personal electronic or electrical devices that may require control are pagers, cellular phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), and personal radios or music players. Few, if any, of these devices are evaluated to determine if they may be safely used in hazardous areas. Typically, such devices do not claim to be "intrinsically safe" or of "nonincendive circuit" design (NFPA 70, Articles 500 and 504). 

Refs 1) Anon, Radio Frequency Hazards Manual , NAVORDOP 3575/NAVAIR 26-1-529 2) Anon, Excerpt from HERO Newsletter No 30, Jan 1970, Commander US Naval Weapons Center, Attn Mr. R.M. Price, Code TE-2, Dalgren,... 

Initiation by Radio Frequency (RF) Radiation. RF radiation, ie, radio wave radar transmitters can, under certain circumstances, initiate electroexplosive devices. This topic will be discussed under Radio Frequency Radiation, Effects on Explosives. Also see articles on Electromagnetic Compatibility Electromagnetic Field Hazard, Simulated in Vol 5, pp E70-71 and Electric Blasting Caps and RF Energy in Vol 5, p E25-L... 

Electric Blasting Caps and RF (Radio Frequency) Energy. A potential hazard in the use of electric blasting caps when in close proximity to RF sources is discussed in the booklet (Ref 1) and reviewed in Ref 2,... 

M Radio Frequency Energy, A Potential Hazard in the Use of Electric Blasting Caps , Institute of Makers of Explosives, 420 Lexington Ave, New York, NY, 10017 (Publd In March 1968) 2) Gunther Coho, Edit,... 

DuPont 8c Co, M Blasters Handbook(1966), 169—74 Hazards of Extraneous Electricity which includes on pp 170—71, " Static Electricity". The Pamphlet of the Institute of Makers of Explosives, entitled "Radio Frequency Energy — A Potential Hazard in the Use and Transportation of Electric Blasting Caps is obtainable thru the DuPont Co... 

Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC). In-house and site testing services are available for EMC. The Spectrum Control, Inc is equipped for testing to MIL-STD-461, MIL-I-6iSI and similar RFI (Radio Frequency Interference) specs and also performs testing in accordance with.FCC (Federal Communications Commission) and HEW (Health, Education Welfare) requirements. The personnel are familiar with RADHAZ (Radiation Hazard) filter design and measurement problems... 

---