PVC Industry

By selection of those chlorinated paraffins specifically developed for the PVC industry to match the properties of primary plasticizers, reductions in costs can be achieved without significant change in properties. However, certain aspects can be improved by the inclusion of chlorinated paraffin such as flame resistance, chemical and water resistance, low temperature performance, and the viscosity aging stabiUty in plastisols. 

The next step would be to build a large scale plant of 50 ktonnes per year. However, such an investment needs financing and a commitment of the European PVC industry to this initiative (i.e., a choice for this technology as the feedstock recycling process for PVC waste). Building the plant would take about 5 years. At this stage, it seems that within the PVC industry there is more support for the Linde and Vinyloop processes. 

According to Pohle (a.l3), the gate fee for a 250,000 tpa plant using a similar technology would be 250 per tonne. Informal information from circles within the PVC industry suggest even higher gate fees for PVC (up to 350 to 500). 

This project has been presented to the management committee of Vinyl 2010 (the organisation that manages the EU PVC industries recycling initiatives) with a request for financial support to scale-up to commercial size. A decision should be taken by the end of 2002, taking into account the total available quantities of PVC waste and the development of alternatives technologies in Denmark. 

U. Schonhausen, Positive List II. Additives Used in the PVC-Industry for Food Contact Applications, Ciba-Geigy Ltd, Basel (1990). 

Certain dioctyltin compounds are used for clear PVC materials. Dialkyltin carboxylate and dialkyltin mercaptide heat stabilizers are used in the PVC industry in many application34. 

PVC INDUSTRY WELCOMES ALTERNATIVE TO PHTHALATES IN TOYS, MEDICAL ITEMS... 

The debate over the use of soft PVC in medical devices continues. This article provides insights on the perspective of the medical device industry, and on the PVC industry s response to a Green Paper on PVC published by the European Commission in July 2000. We are also told that the Commission is committed to issuing a final communication on PVC in 2001. 6 refs. 

Phthalates were first introduced in the 1920s and quickly replaced the volatile and odorous camphor. In the earliest 1930s, the commercial availability of PVC and the development of DEHP caused the boom of the plasticizer PVC industry. 

In the excellent previous Rapra Review Report on this subject (464) the authors mentioned briefly the environmental assaults on polyvinyl chloride (known as PVC or vinyl), but correctly considered them to be outside the scope of that technical review. However, events have moved on considerably in the discussions on sustainability issues and this author believes that no review would be complete without including the substantial efforts made by the PVC industry in this area. 

The PVC industry consists of resin producers, compounders, additive suppliers and processors. Most processors specialise in processes linked to either PVC-U or PVC-P applications. In some cases, such as pipe and window frame manufacturing, the processed PVC is marketed directly by the processor. In other cases, the processor passes on the PVC in semi-finished form to another company. 

There has been much rationalisation of resin producers in the last twenty years due to consolidation transactions. The major PVC industry participants, as described by EVC International NV, are shown in Table 1 for the year 2000 (166). 

Barium cadmium based systems (may also include zinc) have been available for many years due to their cost effectiveness in combination with good initial colour and long-term stability. However, in the European area, then-use was voluntarily phased out by the PVC industry in 2001, due to severe restrictions for environmental and toxicity reasons concerning cadmium. 

According to the European Council of Vinyl Manufacturers, the PVC industry in Europe is hoping to achieve a recycling rate of 10 to 15% for post-consumer waste by 2010. This would require the recycling of an additional 350,000 to 600,000 tonnes of PVC. A run-down of recycling technologies in the latest report of Vinyl 2010 indicates that the industry has much to do to meet this target. EUROPEAN COUNCIL OF VINYL MANUFACTURERS... 

The PVC industry is actively involved in the development of recycling solutions for contaminated mixed plastics waste streams with a high PVC content. Potential technologies for achieving this goal are tested at present at pilot scale. This paper provides an overview of the projects under investigation and the results obtained so far, while development work continues. 9 refs. 

Phenolic products, especially sterically hindered phenols, are widely used throughout the PVC industry - for instance, as chain-stoppers and antioxidants in PVC polymerisation, to terminate the reaction and prevent degradation of the virgin resin in the stripper and dryer. Methyl methacrylate butadiene-styrene (MBS), a frequently used impact modifier for rigid PVC, needs highly efficient protection against oxidative degradation... 

This is the full report of the Natural Step in the UK research project which was initiated by the PVC Co-ordination Group. The Natural Step framework evaluates the challenges needed to make PVC truly sustainable across its entire life cycle. The key questions explored in this study are whether the PVC industry is currently sustainable or is it moving towards increased sustainability and what steps are needed to make PVC sustainable ... 

This report sets out the future objectives of the Vinyl 2010 - Voluntary Commitment of the PVC Industry. Principles and actions covering the period 2000-2010 apply to the following PVC manufacture, Additives-plasticisers and stabilisers waste management social progress and dialogue management, monitoring and financial scheme. 

The reasons why incineration is viewed as an attractive recovery option are outlined and environmental challenges facing the incineration industry are considered. The overall European situation with regard to residue generation and processing costs is discussed and the progress being made towards the voluntary commitment of the PVC industry in relation to municipal solid waste incineration and other recovery processes. 15 refs. 

This presentation covers various aspects relating to stabilisers. These include the structure and mission of the ESPA, the EC Green Paper on stabilisers published on 27th July 2000 and the resolution of the EU Parliament relating to lead and cadmium stabilisers adopted on 3rd April 2001, current EU legislative status of cadmium and lead, key milestones of the PVC Industry Voluntary Commitment relating to stabilisers, scenario of lead replacement in Western Europe, alternatives to lead, plastics additives with approval for direct food contact, tin stabilisers for PVC and issues concerning zinc. EUROPEAN COMMISSION... 

The key theme of this three day international conference is the role the PVC industry can play in creating a sustainable future. Papers are divided into nine sessions Strategic direction Challenges and markets PVC profiles Flexibles Polymerisation Sustainability Processing Stabilisers Additives... 

The European Commission s horizontal study on PVC was welcomed by the PVC industry when it was announced three years ago. Industry saw it as a chance to consolidate information on PVC in a conclusive form. The Commission identified areas which it felt required further study and commissioned consultants to carry out five studies. However, the ECVM says it was surprised to discover these were all waste management studies. ECVM decided to pre-empt any future command and... 

Liquid dialkylperoxydicarbonates are used as initiators in the PVC industry. Due to the thermal reactivity of these initiators, they require very low temperature storage, shipment and handling. At temperatures above 10 deg.C,... 

Detailed guidelines are presented for the correct moulding of TempRite chlorinated PVC industrial moulding compounds. Information is included for the correct selection of equipment and operating conditions, and includes details of melt preparation, mould design, processing, pressures, startup, process upsets, and troubleshooting. 

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