Incineration municipal solid waste

R. S. Magee, Plastics in Municipal Solid Waste Incineration A Eiterature Study, Hazardous Substance Management Research Center, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Mar. 1989. 

The specific molecular mechanisms by which PCDDs and PCDFs are initially formed and become part of the PIC remain largely unknown and are theoretical. The theoretical basis for conjecture is derived primarily from direct observations in municipal solid waste incinerators. The emissions of... 

Venmri scrubbers have been applied to control PM emissions from utility, industrial, commercial, and institutional boilers fired with coal, oil, wood, and liquid waste. They have also been applied to control emission sources in the chemical, mineral products, wood, pulp and paper, rock products, and asphalt manufacrnring industries lead, aluminum, iron and steel, and gray iron production industries and to municipal solid waste incinerators. Typically, venturi scrubbers are applied where it is necessary to obtain high collection efficiencies for fine PM. Thus, they are applicable to controlling emission sources with high concentrations of submicron PM. 

Metals in the feedstock end up in slag and fines. The slag meets the quality standards of the Dutch Building decree, and the fines have a comparable quality to municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly-ash (a.4). 

Fines. These have a quality that would match the quality of fly ash from Dutch municipal solid waste incineration plants. 

Municipal Solid Waste Incinerators (with Energy Recovery)... 

Municipal solid waste incinerators (MSWIs) are a robust treatment method for very different mixed waste types of different origin. The typical MSWI handles waste of a calorific value between 9 and 13 MJ/kg. They are the key technology for the treatment of integral household waste in countries such as Denmark, Sweden, the Netherlands and Germany. Some 7% of this integral household waste consists of plastics. Treatment of... 

Processing Costs of Waste Materials in a Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator, Report TNO-MEP R96/248, TNO-MEP, Apeldoom, the Netherlands, 1996. 

Tests conducted in Finland and Sweden have indicated the viability of using waste paper and plastic packaging as a fuel in a conventional power plant rather than in a municipal solid waste incinerator. If the process is accepted, as much as 30 million tonnes of the 50 million tonnes of combustible packaging which Europe consumes each year could be used for power generation. The feasibility of the initiative is discussed, and its implications in terms of future power plant construction. APME... 

Schuhmacher M, Granero S, Belles M, Llobet JM and Domingo JL (1996) Levels of metals in soils and vegetation in the vicinity of a municipal solid waste incinerator. Toxicol Environ Chem 56 119-132. 

Domingo JL, Schuhmacher M, Agramunt MC, Llobet JM, Rivera J, Muller L (2002) PCDD/F levels in the neighbourhood of a municipal solid waste incinerator after introduction of technical improvements in the facility. Environ Int 28(l-2) 19-27. doi 10.1016/S0160-4120(01)00129-5... 

Dioxin-like compounds are known to be one of the most harmful persistent organic pollutants of the chlorine based compounds. Dioxins are repeatedly synthesized and decomposed by complicated mechanisms and temperature changes at different locations in municipal solid waste incineration processes and the final streams discharged are commonly exhaust gas and incineration ash. Dioxins in different discharge types and compositions of effluents could be affected by incineration conditions such as temperature, feeding and discharging methods and incinerator type [47]. 

Changkook R., Donghorn S., and Sangmin C., Simulation of Waste Bed Combustion in the Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator , in the second Inti. 

Cresols have been identified as components of automobile exhaust (Hampton et al. 1982 Johnson et al. 1989 Seizinger and Dimitriades 1972), and may volatilize from gasoline and diesel fuels used to power motor vehicles. Vehicular traffic in urban and suburban settings provides a constant source of cresols to the atmosphere. Hence, urban and suburban populations may be constantly exposed to atmospheric cresols. Cresols are also emitted to ambient air during the combustion of coal (Junk and Ford 1980), wood (Hawthorne et al. 1988, 1989), municipal solid waste (James et al. 1984 Junk and Ford 1980), and cigarettes (Arrendale et al. 1982 Novotny et al. 1982). Therefore, residents near coal- and petroleum-fueled electricity- generating facilities, municipal solid waste incinerators, and industries with conventional furnace operations or large-scale incinerators may be exposed to cresols in air. People in residential areas where homes are heated with coal, oil, or wood may also be exposed to cresols in air. 

Number of municipal solid waste incinerators in the United States (to 2002)... 

Chemistry and mineralogy of municipal solid waste incinerator bottom ash... 

Belevi, H. 1998. Environmental Engineering of Municipal Solid Waste Incineration. Verlag vdf Hochschulverlag, Habilitation, Zurich, ISBN 3 7281 2659 4. 

Belevi, H., Stampfli, D. M. Baccini, P. 1992. Chemical behaviour of municipal solid waste incinerator bottom ash in monofills. Waste Management Research, 10, 153-167. 

Chimenos, J. M., Segarra, M., Fernandez, M. A. Espiell, F. 1999. Characterization of the bottom ash in municipal solid waste incinerator. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 64, 211-222. 

Ferrari, S., Belevi, H. Baccini, P. 2002. Chemical speciation of carbon in municipal solid waste incinerator residues. Waste Management, 22, 303-314. 

Johnson, C. A., Kaeppeh, M., Brandenberger, S., Ulrich, A. Baumann, W. 1999. Hydrological and geochemical factors affecting leachate composition in municipal solid waste incinerator bottom ash. Part II. The geochemistry of leachate from Landfill Lostorf, Switzerland. Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, 40, 239- 259. 

Meima, J. A. Comans, R. N. J. 1999. The leaching of trace elements from municipal solid waste incinerator bottom ash at different stages of weathering. Applied Geochemistry, 14, 159-171. 

Traber, D., Mader, U. Eggenberger, U. 2002. Petrology and geochemistry of a municipal solid waste incinerator residue treated at high temperature. Schweizerische Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen, 82, 1-14. 

Chandler, A. G., Eighmy, T. T. et al. 1997. Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator Residues. Elsevier Science BV, Amsterdam. 

Ecke, H., Sakanakura, H., Matsuto, T., Tanaka, N. Lagerkvist, A. 2000. State-of-the-art treatment processes for municipal solid waste incineration residues in Japan. Waste Management Research, 18, 41-51. 

Ecke, H., Menad, N. Lagerkvist, A. 2002. Treatment-oriented characterization of dry scrubber residue from municipal solid waste incineration. Journal of Material Cycles Waste Management, 4, 117-126. 

PlANTONE, P., BODENAN, F., DERIE, R. Depelsenaire, G. 2003. Monitoring the stabilization of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash by phosphatation mineralogical and balance approach. Waste Management, 23, 225-243. 

Sabbas, T., Polettine, A. et al. 2003. Management of municipal solid waste incineration residues. Waste Management, 23, 61-88. 

The aim of this chapter is to present a conceptual model of the leaching process in landfills based on two exemplary field studies at a municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) bottom ash landfill, Landfill Lostorf, and a lysimeter investigation, Landfill Teuftal, containing cement-stabilized MSWI air pollution control (APC) residues. 

Johnson, C. A., Schaap, M. K. Abbaspour, K. 2001. Modelling of flow through a municipal solid waste incinerator ash landfill. Journal of Hydrology, 243, 55-72. 

---